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Updates an Ebola Outbreak; Tariffs on Imports to the U.S.; Laboratory-Grown Diamonds

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Hi, I`m Carl Azuz.

And I have a special announcement to make today on CNN 10: Fridays are awesome! Welcome to our last show of the 2017-2018 season. We`re not

going away, we`re just going off the air for a couple of months and returning on Monday, August 13th.

Today`s global coverage begins in Central Africa. International health officials say they have reason to be cautiously optimistic about limiting

the spread of an Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It was first reported in early May. Since then, there`d been 54 cases

identified in the DRC. That includes 25 people who`ve died from Ebola.

On average, the virus kills about half of those who get it. Most of the cases in this outbreak were in a rural area. But what alarmed medical

officials a couple of weeks ago is that the disease had spread to a city named Mbandaka, where more than a million people live and there were

concerns that it could spread quickly there.

So, doctors started vaccinating people. The World Health Organization says more than 400 had been vaccinated to far. The drug is experimental. It`s

not approved everywhere. But the officials using it say it`s both safe in humans and highly effective against the Ebola virus.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

REPORTER: Ebola, a highly infectious virus that`s killed thousands and could go on to kill many more. The stakes are. There have been at least

27 Ebola outbreaks reported since the virus was discovered in 1976, according to the CDC. This includes the 2014 West Africa outbreak where

more than 11,000 people died.

So, how can the world respond when so many lives are at stake?

You need a huge operation to stop Ebola. Here are some of the weapons used to fight one of the world`s deadliest viruses.

Spot symptoms. It usually takes eight to 10 days for symptoms such as a fever, vomiting, diarrhea to show up. Checking temperatures in affected

regions as well as at borders can help catch the virus before it spreads any future.

Isolate patients. Ebola spreads through bodily fluids such as blood or saliva. And even the tiniest amount can transmit the virus. If someone

has Ebola, they need to be quarantined with minimal visitors.
 

quarantine [ˋkwɔrən͵tin] v. 使隔离；使受检疫

Trace contacts. The virus can easily spread to family, friends, or anyone who`s come in contact with the patients when they show up symptoms.

Contacts must be found, monitored and if they show signs of Ebola, isolate them.

Suit up. Anyone in contact with the patient must be protected from head to toe, even the smallest slip up could lead to contamination and ultimately
 

slip up 犯错误; informal to make a blunder or mistake

even death. The origin of Ebola is unknown, but scientists believe that bats are the most likely source.

Administer vaccines. Experimental vaccine can now be deployed to the epicenter of an outbreak, given to people in contact with the infected and
 

administer [ədˋmɪnəstɚ] v. 执行，实施

their contacts. It`s a strategy known as ring vaccination. Distributing vaccines at remote areas could be a challenge, especially because they have
 

ring vaccination 包围接种

to be stored in below freezing conditions.

Altogether, these strategies can strangle the spread of Ebola, potentially saving thousands of lives in the process.
 

strangle [ˋstræŋg!] v. 抑制，压制

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: At midnight Thursday night, new tariffs which were like taxes were set to take effect in the U.S. on imports from Canada, Europe and Mexico.

Steel now costs an additional 25 percent to bring in to America. Aluminum costs an extra 10 percent.

These tariffs were announced in March, but Canada, Mexico and the European Union were originally exempted from this, meaning the taxes didn`t apply to
 

exempt [ɪgˋzɛmpt] v. 免除，豁免[（+from）]

them. Those exemptions expired last night.

Why are the tariffs in place? President Donald Trump wants to help the U.S. steel and aluminum industries by limiting what America brings in from

other countries. This could help improve sales for the American metal producers. But it could also make it harder fro the U.S. to sell other

products in Canada, Mexico and Europe, because those nations announced they`d put tariffs on their own on U.S. goods.

Investors are also concerned that a trade war could flare up. Trade negotiations between the U.S. and the affected countries are ongoing.
 

flare up 达到更激烈的状态

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ (voice-over): Ten-second trivia:

What word is derived from a Greek term that means "the hardest metal"?

Diamond, chromium, gem or alloy?

The Greek word Adamas means the hardest metal or diamond.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: And though our next report has an interview with two creators of laboratory grown diamonds, they`re not as valuable as natural diamonds.

They`re also not as unique.

Diamonds that are mined from the earth are said to be one of a kind, thanks to the work of nature. But it sometimes hard to know where the real ones

come from if they`re mined with child labor or if they`ve been sold to pay for weapons.

And lab diamonds are a growing part of a valuable market.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

LINDSAY REINSMITH, CO-FOUNDER & DIRECTOR OF SLAES, ADA DIAMONDS: We have here two stones. Can you tell which one is the lab diamond and which one

is the natural?

RACHEL CRANE, CNNMONEY CORRESPONDENT: They truly look identical to me. Is this the lab-grown diamond here?

REINSMITH: No, that`s the natural one.

CRANE: No? Really? Wow. OK.

You truly can`t tell the difference?

JASON PAYNE, CO-FOUNDER & CEO, ADA DIAMONDS: Because they`re both diamonds.

CRANE: So, this is where the magic happens? This is where you guys grow the diamonds?

PAYNE: This is the diamond mine.

CRANE: How does one grow a diamond?

PAYNE: We`re using a bowl of plasma energy in breaking apart hydrocarbon and reaming the carbon down on seeds of diamond, atom by atom
 

ream [rim] v. 扩大；挖通；挤出

CRANE: How long does it take to produce one of these?

PAYNE: About a month.

CRANE: About a month?

How did you guys get inspired to start this business?

REINSMITH: When Jason and I talked about getting engaged, I said I did not want a natural diamond as part of our engagement.

CRANE: Why is that?

REINSMITH: I care about the origin of my products. I`m a conscientious gal. I care about where my eggs come from, where my products come from.
 

conscientious [͵kɑnʃɪˋɛnʃəs] adj. 凭良心的；诚实的；认真的，勤勤恳恳的

And so, we really set out to create a ring that used other materials. But what learned through the process was that we wanted to have the longevity

behind a material as strong, as durable as diamond.

SUBTITLE: Lab-grown diamonds can retail for 30-40 percent less than mined diamonds.

REINSMITH: Natural diamonds tend to change hands 12 to 13 times before they`ll end up on someone`s finger, whereas the laboratory-grown diamond

industry is much more streamlined. Growers work with companies like us and we work with clients.

CRANE: Can you explain to us why mined diamonds are bad for the environment?

PAYNE: It takes hundreds of tons of rock being blasted out of the earth with diesel and dynamite to extract one carat of diamond. And so, it`s

incredibly energy-intensive process and diamond mining is getting less sustainable every single year.

CRANE: But is the origin story of diamonds part of their appeal?

PAYNE: A natural diamond is a miracle of nature, but this is a miracle of human progress. And I find that far more compelling that something that

just happened to come out of here.

SUBTITLE: By 2020, lab-grown diamonds could be responsible for 15 percent of the gem-quality melee diamond market.
 

melee [meˋle] n.【法】互殴；混战；混乱

CRANE: Why are some of the jewelers out there so resistant to these lab- grown diamonds?
 

resistant [rɪˈzɪstənt] adj. 抵抗的,反抗的

REINSMITH: I think there`s a lot of misinformation about this product. I think some people believe that laboratory-grown diamond means fake diamond,

that it`s cubic zirconia, or Moissanite, that it`s some sort of diamond simulant.
 

zirconia [zɚˋkonɪə] n.【化】氧化锆

moissanite [ˋmɔɪsənaɪt] n. 莫桑石

simulant [ˋsɪmjʊlənt] adj. 拟态的；看起来像……的

But laboratory-grown diamonds are diamonds.

CRANE: Like, they`re real diamonds.

REINSMITH: They are.

CRANE: There`s nothing different.

REINSMITH: There`s nothing different except the origin.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: It`s not always possible to see the sunset amid the spiring skyscrapers of New York City. But a few times a year, this happens, the
 

spire [spaɪr] v. 塔状矗立；耸立

sun is aligned with the city`s grid, casting a glow straight through the borough of Manhattan and resulting in Manhattanhenge, as long as it`s not raining.
 

borough [ˋbɝo] n.【美】（纽约市的）区

It was named Manhattanhenge as a tribute to the British landmark of Stonehenge, where the sun also lines up with the structure during the
 

Stonehenge [ˋstonˋhɛndʒ] n.（英国Salisbury平原上的）史前时期巨大石柱群

summer solstice. Of course, it might make some folks supertistice, but usually, the sun is well off the grid, so even if it sheds new light on old
 

solstice [ˋsɑlstɪs] n.【天】至；至点

horizons just four times a year, it`s better than if it doesn`t Manhattan at all.

What a way to sunset a season on CNN 10. It`s been a privilege shedding light on new subjects for you. We wish you all a brilliant summer and

thank you for being the brightest stars in CNN`s audience.

I`m Carl Azuz for CNN 10.

END