EZCNN 易英网

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: This is CNN 10. Welcome to everyone watching around the world. My name is Carl Azuz, happy you`re joining us for a look

at international events. Oil has been front-and-center in headlines and stock markets since an attack was carried out against oil facilities in
 

front-and-center [͵frʌnt ænd ˋsɛntɚ] adj.【美】非常重要的

Saudi Arabia last Saturday. No one was hurt but Saudi Arabia exports more oil than any other country and half of its production was temporarily

disrupted. That caused a surge in oil prices when international stock markets opened on Monday. Oil is sold by the barrel. Each barrel is equal

to 42 gallons. A barrel of Brent crude oil, a world standard, was selling for around $60 a barrel last Friday before the attack happened.

Afterward on Monday, the price of Brent crude had risen to almost $72 at one point. That was its biggest increase in history and it had an impact

on stock markets around the world, but the higher price didn`t hold. Yesterday it had settled back down to less than $64 a barrel. The reasons

why? The Reuters News Agency reported that Saudi Arabian oil production would be back to normal in two to three weeks. And on Tuesday the Middle

Eastern country`s energy minister said that Saudi Arabia would use its reserves around the world to make sure its oil exports would stay the same

despite the damaged facility. So stock market investors saw all this as good news for the world’s oil supply and prices decreased.

Meantime, an international investigation is trying to figure out who conducted the attack. A United States government official told CNN that circuit boards
 

circuit board 线路板，电路板

from one of the weapons used have been recovered and that the indicate that both drones and missiles were used in the attack. The

official says Iran is a suspect though that country denies being involved. We mentioned that Saudi Arabia has oil reserves available to decrease the

impact of a disruption like this. The U.S. also has storage facilities known as the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. President Donald Trump said

yesterday that he doesn`t think oil from that will be needed right now but he indicated that the U.S. is prepared to open the reserve if necessary.

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UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The United States might be one of the world`s largest producers of oil but that doesn`t stop it from keeping a huge backup stash
 

stash [stæʃ] n.【俚】存放，贮藏

of crude. The Strategic Petroleum Reserve or the SPR is the world`s largest emergency storage of oil. It can hold up to 713 million barrels of

crude providing several months’ worth of import protection to the U.S. The U.S. government says the oil reserve acts as a deterrent to oil imports
 

deterrent [dɪˋtɝrənt] n. 威慑力量；制止物

being suddenly cut off. The SPR is a government complex of four sides stretching along the Texas and Louisiana gulf coast. The oil is stored

2,000 to 4,000 feet underground. America`s emergency reserve came about after the 1973 to `74 Arab Oil Embargo. In 1975, President Gerald Ford

signed a law creating the emergency reserve. Only the U.S. president can order the SPR to be used and so far this has happened just three times.

First when the United States attacked Iraq in 1991, President Bush announced that the decision to release oil was made to help minimize market

disruptions. The reserve was again used in 2005 after Hurricane Katrina`s devastation of the oil infrastructure along the Gulf of Mexico. With the

2011 civil unrest in Libya disrupting crude oil supply, the SPR was tapped yet again. A total of 60 million barrels of oil were released on the world
 

tap [tæp] v. 从…中汲取液体; 旋开桶塞放出

market. The oil drawn from the emergency reserve has to be pulled out of storage first and then sold on the market and this can take about two

weeks.

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AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. When Great White sharks are born they are known as what? Pups, calves, nymphs or hatchlings. Baby sharks, doo, doo, doo,
 

nymph [nɪmf] n.【文】美女；年轻女子

hatchling [ˋhætʃlɪŋ] n. 人工孵化出之鱼苗或小鸟

doo, doo, doo, are known as pups and from the moment they`re born they`re on their own.
 

pup [pʌp] n.（小狐，小海豹等）幼小的动物

Despite the fact that they`re probably the most well known species of shark, there`s not a lot known about their lives. Everything from their

social behavior to their mating habits, to where they give birth is a mystery and scientists also don`t know why they occasionally attack humans.

Whether it’s because they mistake us for food or just checking to see if we are or if they`re just hungry and there`s not much else around to eat. What is

known, is that humans are sharks biggest enemy. That`s why researchers in today`s great big story are trying to study, monitor and conserve these

animals.

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UNIDENTIFIED MALE: If you`re afraid of coming down and - - and going swimming in the ocean because of sharks, you should be terrified to make a

piece of toast. Four hundred people died last year from defective toasters whereas less than 10 did from sharks. This is the first large shark

expedition like this in the western Gulf. We`ll be tagging hammerhead sharks, tiger sharks and mako sharks trying to understand how they`re leveraging

tag [tæg] v. 给……加标签

hammerhead [ˋhæmɚ͵hɛd] shark 双髻鲨

mako shark 鯖鯊

leverage [ˋlɛvərɪdʒ] v. 发挥重要功效

the Gulf and their birthing, mating and full migratory patterns. We`ll be getting up everyday just before dawn. A fishing team will be

going out getting all of our lines rigged and ready to go and then we`ll get the ship in position with the lift in the water.
 

rig [rɪg] v. 给（船只桅杆）装配帆及索具

And we`ll looking to capture, bring sharks back to the lift, lift them up out of the water and once we do that a whole team of scientists from a half

dozen institutions will circle around the shark. And we`ll conduct 12 research projects in about 15 minutes then release the shark and open

source the tracking to the world so that everyone can follow it. What we`re finding is these massive sharks have huge, huge movements across the

ocean. We have one of these White sharks, Lydia, who`s traveled over 3,500 miles in just two years, very, very regular for these sharks to be swimming

1,000 miles a month, which is why it`s so important to figure out where they go.

We`re losing 200,000 sharks a day for shark fin soup, 100 million a year. You know, people need to understand an ocean with no sharks means an ocean

with no fish. They are the lion, the balance keeper of the ocean and if they are not there the whole food chain collapses. This is a simple

battle. We`ve got to solve the puzzle of these sharks lives to make sure they flourish and make a difference for the future.

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AZUZ: So while they`re trying to learn about sharks, researchers at a German university are trying to learn about rats. It`s been well

documented that these animals can learn tricks like other pets. But can they learn to play games like hide and seek? Rewarding rats by tickling

them whenever they hid from scientists or found them, researchers say the animals not only learned to play they learned strategies like choosing to

hide in opaque boxes instead of clear ones and staying quieter while they were hiding. Researchers also say the rats squealed whenever they won so
 

opaque [oˋpek] adj. 不透明的，不透光的

squeal [skwil] v. 用长而尖的声音发出

it`s possible they understood what was happening.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It has been known that rats engage in simple forms of play like, rough and tumble play. A bit like a boys wrestling kind of
 

rough and tumble 孩子间的小打斗, 激烈的竞争；混战

thing. (ph) But we wanted to see if they can also do more complex games and there hide and seek came to mind. We were putting in this

dog box and closed this dog box and then remotely open it and then the animals knew that it was their turn to seek. What they would do is

they would search very systematically the room. They would also look for us - if they have a visual cue they would find us in no time, or what they would do
 

cue [kju] n.【戏】提示，尾白；暗示，信号；线索

is they would memorize where they hid. So if you use the same hiding place couple of times, they find you in no time.

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AZUZ: Before we bounce, we`d like to draw your CNN attention to an inflatable castle that would make the ultimate party rental for a super
 

inflatable [ɪnˋfletəb!] adj. 可充气的

sweet 16. This is the biggest bounce house on earth. It covers 10,000 square feet which makes it more than four times bigger than the average

American home. Inside you`ll find everything from a basketball court and a ball pit to an obstacle course and a dance stage. Of course, if gravity is

weighing you down this can make you rebound by putting spring in every step along your moonwalk. On an inflatable estate that`s an undeniable escape

where you`ll be walking on air right where you want to "jump jump". As the king of the castle that has its very own fan club assuming the $25 ticket

fee doesn`t completely deflate your wallet. I`m Carl Azuz and that`s CNN 10.

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