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CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Political headlines in the United States and abroad lead off today`s edition of CNN 10. My name is Carl Azuz welcoming
 

lead off 开始

our viewers from around the world. Last night in the U.S. state of Iowa a series of meetings were held to help determine whom Americans will vote for

in the 2020 presidential election. These are the Iowa caucuses. Voters will be moving around a room grouping up according to their favorite
 

caucus [ˋkɔkəs] n. 政党地方委员会

candidates and through this process they`ll help determine a winner.

Two candidates are challenging U.S. President Donald Trump for the Republican party`s nomination but the incumbent leader is expected to win

it without a problem. For Democrats though, there are 11 candidates in the race and a win in Iowa could give any one of them a lot of momentum going

into the other caucuses and primaries while a loss could make the path forward a lot harder. Results came in after we produced this show but

CNN.com will have the latest. The next contest on the election calendar is set for next Tuesday when the New Hampshire primaries are held.

Today is another big day in American politics. At 9 o`clock tonight President Trump is scheduled to fulfill a Constitutional requirement found

in Article II, Section 3. Quote, "he shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the State of the Union and recommend to their
 

State of the Union 国情咨文

consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient." The televised address as we know it and the opposing party`s response have
 

expedient [ɪkˋspidɪənt] adj. 有利的；权宜的

televise [ˋtɛlə͵vaɪz] v. 电视播送

become tradition though they`re not required by the Constitution.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It`s a report card and it`s a prognostication. It is the president saying, this is what I would like to do in the coming year.
 

report card 学生的成绩报告单

prognostication [prɑg͵nɑstɪˋkeʃən] n. 预知；前兆；征候

The State of the Union is essentially a homework assignment from the framers of the Constitution to every president who`s lived ever since. The
 

framer [ˋfremɚ] n. 制订者,创作者

Constitution tells them that they periodically must tell Congress how the country`s doing if a president wants to lean hard to one side or hard to

the other side, then you might see more political purpose in the State of the Union. Although often it`s just a general sense of let`s move this

direction.

The whole thing is a huge pageant. The president comes walking in escorted by members of the House and Senate, the Sergeant of Arms announced him and
 

pageant [ˋpædʒənt] n. 壮丽的场面；（常有彩车的）盛装游行；庆典

sergeant [ˋsɑrdʒənt] n.（法庭，议会等处的）警卫官

everybody stands and cheers and there`s quite a crowd there. Everyone has assigned seating. Right behind the president you will find the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives
 

Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives 众议院议长

and the President of the Senate which will be the vice-president of the United States and then the two parties

generally - - generally stay on their side of the aisle. You typically have the Supreme Court there, the Joint Chiefs of Staff are there
 

Joint Chiefs of Staff 参谋长联席会议

representing the military and the First Lady will also be there usually with some sort of special guest in recent years that will illustrate some

point is making.

One of the coolest part of the presidential address is always the missing cabinet member and figuring it out who it`s going to be. One member of the

cabinet always has to be somewhere else in case something terrible happened. So presumably you could have the Secretary of Agriculture
 

presumably [prɪˋzuməblɪ] adv. 大概，可能；想必

sitting somewhere thinking about hog futures and suddenly he`s the president of the United States which would be a huge shock to him. Since

the 1960s the opposition has also issued a response, that is someone selected by the opposing party to stand up and refute what the president
 

refute [rɪˋfjut] v. 驳斥，反驳，驳倒

said or say perhaps we have different ideas on how the government should be conducting itself and where we should be going in the coming year.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: The European Union, an economic and political alliance, now has 27 member countries. The United Kingdom has officially left it in what was

called Brexit, the British exit from the EU. Britain is the first country ever to leave the alliance. It had been a founding member of the EU when it was

formed in 1993 but in June of 2016, Britains voted 52 percent to 48 percent to leave the Union basically because the didn`t agree with its economic and

political policies. In election in December, Prime Minister Boris Johnson`s conservative party won enough seats in parliament to finally push

through Brexit. Now Britain has until the end of the year to negotiate it`s new relationship with the EU.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We are leaving. We`re never coming back.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It`s been almost four years since the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union and it`s been quite a journey.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It is the long and tortured story of Brexit.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Here`s a look back at how Brexit unfolded. It all started in 2016 where a referendum asked the British people whether they

wanted to stay in the EU or leave.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: For the first time ever, a nation has voted to leave the European Union.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: From there it was a series of complicated twists and turns, elections and resignations, deadlines and extensions. Prime
 

twists and turns 迂回曲折,辗转反侧

Minister David Cameron stepped down right after the referendum result.

DAVID CAMERON, FORMER PRIME MINISTER: I do not think it would be right for me to try to be the captain that steers our country to its next

destination.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Former Home Secretary Teresa May took his place and vowed she would be the one to deliver Brexit.
 

Home Secretary（英国）内政大臣

TERESA MAY, FORMER PRIME MINISTER: Brexit means Brexit.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Negotiating plans were crafted and nearly a year after the referendum the official process of the UK leaving the EU began with a

departure date of March the 29th, 2019. Seeking a stronger mandate to negotiate with the EU, May called a general election.
 

mandate [ˋmændet] n.（选民对选出的代表、议会等的）授权，委任

MAY: The country is coming together but Westminster is not.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: But her plan to get her stronger majority backfired.
 

backfire [ˋbækˋfaɪr] v. 产生和预期情况完全相反的结果；事与愿违

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It didn`t go in her favor. The conservative party, her party, losing its majority.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: During the Brexit negotiations, the two sides had a huge number of matters to settle including citizen`s rights, the Irish

border and the divorce bill.

(Inaudible)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: After more than a year of negotiations, the two sides reached a deal.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Teresa May has just scored a big win in Brussels.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: But her biggest challenge will come on the home front.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Mrs. May has around two weeks to convince parliament to back her deal.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: But May was handed the largest defeat in the history of the House of Commons when lawmakers voted the deal down.
 

House of Commons 下议院

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The no`s have it.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: May tried to pass the bill twice more but to no avail and so she had no choice but to ask to extend the Brexit deadline.
 

to no avail 徒劳无功; without any success or any effect

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The flexible (ph) extension of the Article (inaudible) the 31st of October.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: After her failure to secure Britain`s exit from the EU, May gave in to political pressure and announced she would step down.

MAY: I will shortly leave the job which is been the honor of my life to hold.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Boris Johnson goes through the door of number 10.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Johnson`s mission was to deliver Brexit by October the 31st.

BORIS JOHNSON, PRIME MINISTER: There is (inaudible) to do a new deal.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: At the last minute, he managed to do just that.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: There is a new Brexit deal.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: But just like his predecessor, he failed to get British lawmakers on board so Johnson was forced to ask the European Union for a

further extension to the Brexit process. The October 31st deadline was pushed back and for the third time in four years Britain had a general

election. After Johnson called for an early election hoping that would give him the majority that he needed to pass the deal.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Three and a half years on from the referendum, this is a nation as fatigued over the issue as it is divided.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The prime minister campaigned on a single simple slogan, get Brexit done and Britain seemed to agree. With a new majority,

Brexit got the green light in the UK parliament with a departure date of January 31st. Now as Johnson ushers Britain out of the EU, the next

complex state of the process begins. Negotiating the future trade deal with the EU which he said would be done by the end of 2020.

JOHNSON: The new clock is ticking and 11 months is extremely short.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: If a deal isn`t reached, Britain risks crashing out of the European Union. And with that no deal cliff edge still looming at the
 

cliff edge 悬崖边缘

end of the year, the reality is that Brexit is just getting started.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: A telescope on top of a Hawaiian volcano captured our 10 out of 10 segment today. The kaleidoscopic image of oozing amber looks as if the
 

kaleidoscopic [kə͵laɪdəˋskɑpɪk] adj. 万花筒似的；千变万化的

ooze [uz] v. 渗出；冒出

amber [ˋæmbɚ] n. 琥珀

telescope was pointed down into a volcano but this is actually the surface of the sun and the movement you see is believed to be rising and sinking

cells of plasma. Scientists hope projects like this will help them better understand Earth`s nearest star and better predict space weather and solar

storms.

Maybe the sun isn`t ready for its close up. Despite it`s radiance and prominence maybe it`s afraid we`ll see its spots and might call the whole

"telescope" of this project "on flare". Even at 93 million miles away, it might try to keep its distance from the human public eye because as they

say "like farther, like son". I`m Carl Azuz. It`s great to have Lincoln High School watching today. It`s in Thief River Falls, Minnesota. Could

your school be picked tomorrow? Subscribe and comment on our official You Tube channel.

END

caucus [ˋkɔkəs] n. 政党地方委员会

State of the Union 国情咨文（美国总统对美国国会联席会议发表的年度报告）

expedient [ɪkˋspidɪənt] adj. 有利的；权宜的

televise [ˋtɛlə͵vaɪz] v. 电视播送

report card 学生的成绩报告单

prognostication [prɑg͵nɑstɪˋkeʃən] n. 预知；前兆；征候

framer [ˋfremɚ] n. 制订者, 创作者

pageant [ˋpædʒənt] n. 壮丽的场面；（常有彩车的）盛装游行；庆典

sergeant [ˋsɑrdʒənt] n.（法庭，议会等处的）警卫官

Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives 众议院议长

Joint Chiefs of Staff 参谋长联席会议

presumably [prɪˋzuməblɪ] adv. 大概，可能；想必

refute [rɪˋfjut] v. 驳斥，反驳，驳倒

twists and turns 迂回曲折, 辗转反侧

Home Secretary（英国）内政大臣

mandate [ˋmændet] n.（选民对选出的代表、议会等的）授权，委任

backfire [ˋbækˋfaɪr] v. 产生和预期情况完全相反的结果；事与愿违

House of Commons 下议院

to no avail 徒劳无功    ;      without any success or any effect

cliff edge 悬崖边缘

kaleidoscopic [kə͵laɪdəˋskɑpɪk] adj. 万花筒似的；千变万化的

ooze [uz] v. 渗出；冒出

amber [ˋæmbɚ] n. 琥珀