A Total Lunar Eclipse

 

hello sunshine I'm Coy Wire, welcome to CNN 10 happy Friday Fri-yay and Pi Day

 

that's right March 14th or 3.14 the day we celebrate the fascinating mathematical constant Pi the ratio of a circle circumference to its diameter

 

circumference [sɚˋkʌmfərəns] n. 圆周；周长

 

Pi day has even been designated by UNESCO as the International Day of Mathematics and did you know 3/14 is Albert Einstein's birthday

 

are you celebrating P day today maybe with some pie hope so let's get this show on the road

 

we start today with the total lunar eclipse visible across the western hemisphere last night and early this morning

 

a lunar eclipse that's when the earth passes between the Sun and the Moon casting a shadow on the moon

 

a total lunar eclipse is when the entire Moon falls within the darkest part of one of the Earth's shadows that's right one of the Earth's shadows

 

did you know the Earth has two of them according to NASA

 

it's darker inner Shadow is known as the umbra and the lighter outer Shadow is called the penumbra

 

umbra [ˋʌmbrə] n.【天】本影；暗影

penumbra [pɪˋnʌmbrə] n.【天】半影（日、月蝕或太陽黑子周圍的半暗部）

 

so the tilt of the Moon around the earth and these two different shadows behind which the moon might pass they create three different types of lunar eclipses

 

tilt [tɪlt] n. 倾斜；倾侧

 

one is called the penumbral Eclipse when the moon passes through the lighter outer penumbra Shadow NASA says this type of eclipse is so subtle that if you didn't know it was happening you might not even notice

 

another is called a partial eclipse which happens at least twice per year that's when the moon only gets covered by part of the Earth's umbra only part of it is shaded in darkness by the Earth

 

partial eclipse 偏食

 

finally the biggest and rarest of them all the total lunar eclipse these are often separated by years because they require a precise alignment of the Moon Earth and Sun

 

total lunar eclipse 月全蚀

 

while we might think that a total lunar eclipse would completely black out the Moon, the Moon actually takes on a deep red Hue as the moon shifts deeper into the Umbra

 

this is why it's sometimes referred to as a Blood Moon the Moon turns red because the atmosphere is filtering out color at the opposite end of the visible spectrum the blue light

 

the short wavelengths of blue don't travel as far as the long red wavelengths so they scatter before reaching our eyes leaving behind this red glow

 

not everyone on Earth can see a lunar eclipse at the same time you'll need to be in an area facing the moon during the moments it's shaded by Earth

 

but unlike a solar eclipse you don't need any special equipment to enjoy a lunar eclipse they are safe to watch at any stage although a pair of binoculars might make it more fun

 

binoculars [bɪˋnɑkjəlɚs] n. 双筒望远镜

 

pop quiz Hot Shot which of the following was the first subaquatic tunnel ever built in the world

 

subaquatic [͵sʌbəˋkwætɪk] adj. 水下的，水中的

 

Thames Tunnel in UK

 

Holland Tunnel in the US

 

Baltimore Harbor Tunnel in the US  

 

Detroit Windsor Tunnel in the US and Canada

 

answer is the Thames tunnel constructed under the River Thames in London between 1825 and 1843

 

now to Europe where a groundbreaking tunnel project will connect Denmark and Germany it's under construction under the Baltic Sea

 

once completed this tunnel will break records as the longest immersed tunnel in the world, transforming European Rail and road travel

 

immersed [ɪˋmɝst] adj. 沉水的

 

take a look at how this incredible feat of engineering is taking shape piece by giant concrete piece

 

you're looking at a record-shattering Marvel in the making. It's a tunnel that's about to connect Germany and Denmark under the Baltic Sea becoming the longest immersed tunnel in the world

 

each one of these colossal concrete segments weighs as much as roughly 10 Eiffel Towers they're built on land first before two immersion pontoons named Ivy 1 and 2 lower them into the water

 

pontoon [pɑnˋtun] n. 浮船坞；浮舟；浮筒；驳船

 

altogether these 89 segments will form a tunnel longer than 170 soccer fields. All of this is happening underneath one of the world's busiest shipping lanes

 

by 2029 cars and trains will be moving between the two countries in a matter of minutes so who wants to test it out first

 

To Brazil now where a clever Grassroots conservation effort is protecting species in the world's most biodiverse country that's also home to the world's fourth biggest road Network

 

Brazilian biologist Fernanda Abra is on a mission to reconnect fragments of forest cut apart by human-built infrastructure by building canopy bridges over a Highway in the Amazon rainforest

 

canopy [ˋkænəpɪ] n. 树冠层

 

take a look at how the project is protecting tree-dwelling mammals from dangerous encounters with vehicles on the road

 

Brazil is the most biodiversity country in the world in terms of primates, nobody has more species of primates than us in Brazil and we have the fourth longest Road Network in the world

 

of course roads cause problems and impacts for primates so right here is very easy to see the capuchin monkey

 

capuchin [ˋkæpjʊ͵tʃɪn] n.【动】中南美的卷尾猴

 

so Reconecta is a conservation project that aims to reconnect the Amazon rainforest and benefit tree dwelling species to cross linear infrastructure safely such as roads, railways and highways

 

so we are creating a solution to reduce fragmentation and reduce road mortality, building and installing artificial canopy bridges

 

fragmentation [͵frægmənˋteʃən] n. 碎片化

 

so we have 32 canopy Bridges already installed in the states of Amazonas and Roraima, and now we are expanding the project in Alta Floresta so this is a city in Mato Grosso state and here we are installing seven new canopy bridges

 

so the canopy bridges are part of the mitigation plan but the program Alta Floresta [Portuguese] also includes the implementation of underpasses, wildlife underpasses associated with Wildlife fences and Wildlife crossing signs

 

underpass [ˋʌndɚ͵pæs] n.【美】地下通道

 

oh that's the most exciting part of the project when you when we turn on the camera and when we install them

 

for each Bridge we have two camera traps so one of the cameras are facing the bridge so then we're going to see how many individuals and what species are using the bridge and what's their behavior so this is very interesting for science

 

but the second camera looks forward to the forest and I want to understand how many individuals come closer to the canopy bridge and cross

 

and how many don't cross so understanding how many don't cross maybe we can improve our design and then we can benefit more species

 

so my vision for conservation is to make the road infrastructure of Brazil more sustainable for wildlife and I believe that we can match the agenda of infrastructure with the agenda of biological conservation we just need to work together.

 

today's story getting a 10 out of 10 an aquatic baby doll rescue

 

a crowd at the New England Aquarium collectively gasped when a little girl named Madeline dropped her baby doll right into an uncovered tank

 

oh no the baby doll whose name is baby was swimming with the turtles even catching a ride on one of the shells during its aquatic Adventure

 

Madeline 's dad said she was inconsolable without her doll but luckily baby was pretty buoyant and an aquarium staff were able to fish her out of the tank sanitize the doll and reunite her with a now very happy Madeline

 

inconsolable [͵ɪnkənˋsoləb!] ad.无法安慰的；极为伤心的

 

all right everyone it is almost time to end this week but before we do we got to give a shout out

 

and this one goes to Catholic High School of New Iberia in New Iberia, Louisiana rise up Panthers

 

cue that Friday music not air let's go out let's make this an awesome day

 

and remember wherever you go this weekend you never know who or how but you just might be the light someone needs to make someone smile

 

you are more powerful than you know

 

I'll see you Monday everyone I'm Coy Wire

 

and we are CNN 10