Newsworthy Clips: Invisible branding technology targets counterfeit drug market 隐形商标科技把目标对准伪药市场
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- 创建于 2009年2月23日
- 最后更新于 2024年5月25日
- 发布于 2009年2月23日
- 作者：Mike Lee
- 点击数：308
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Invisible branding technology targets counterfeit drug market 隐形商标科技把目标对准伪药市场
A small Illinois-based technology company is targeting the multibillion-dollar counterfeit drug business by being able to identify every manufactured capsule, tablet and vial.
一家伊利诺伊州的小型科技公司，能标识每一个制作出的胶囊、药锭、药瓶，准备挑战规模以数十亿美元计的伪药业。
“We can encode a million tablets in an eight-hour shift without slowing normal production,” said James Hussey, chief executive of NanoInk Inc., which specialized in nanometer-scale manufacturing for the life science and semiconductor industries.
「我们可以在八小时的班时中，将一百万个药锭编码，而完全不会减缓正常生产制药的速度，」詹姆士．荷塞表示。他是「奈米印克公司」的执行总监，该公司专为生命科学及半导体产业从事奈米级制造。
An estimated $40 billion in counterfeit pharmaceuticals enters the supply chain each year, according to a 2006 report from the World Health Organization. NanoInk’s technology enables a pharmaceutical firm to encrypt a pill with information such as where and when it was made, as well as an expiration date and dosage strength, that are visible only through the start-up’s proprietary equipment.
根据「世界卫生组织」二００六年的报告指出，每年约有四百亿美元的伪药进入药品的供应链。「奈米印克公司」的技术，让药厂能够把制造地、制造时间、有效期限、药效强度等信息加密于药丸上，这些信息只有透过该新创公司特有的设备才看得到。
Based on research led by Chad Mirkin, who heads the nanotech center at Northwestern University, NanoInk’s technology uses molecules of various substances to “write” on surfaces such as pills and silicon chips either individually or in repeatable patterns.
「奈米印克公司」的技术系以「西北大学」奈米科技中心主任查德．麦金所主持的研究为基础，该技术使用不同物质的分子来个别地或以重复模式「写」在药丸和硅芯片的表面。
The company is so confident that its nanoencryption business is commercially viable that it has established a division, NanoGuardian, to market the products.
「奈米印克公司」对奈米加密业的良好商机相当有信心，该公司已成立「奈米防护」部门来营销产品。
Pharmaceutical companies package their pills distinctively, but counterfeiters can do a good job imitating the look and feel of the drugs and their packages. Nanoink’s invisible branding allows a drug company to authenticate and track its product at any point in the distribution channels. When a product doesn’t bear the NanoInk encryption, the companies could find out where and when substitutions were made.
虽然制药公司会将药丸包装得与众不同，但是伪造者很会模仿药品外观、触感以及包装。「奈米印克公司」的隐形商标让制药公司可以在配销管道的任何一个环节中，鉴定、追踪自己的产品。产品若没有「奈米印克公司」的加密，公司就能找出替换的伪药是在何地、何时所制造。
Such discoveries also could aid in the prosecution of counterfeiters.
这种发现也有助于对伪造者采取起诉行动。
“We see our product as helping other industries where counterfeiting is a problem, such as automotive and airline parts,” Hussey said. “We’ve also been in discussion with some governments about using our technology for currency.”
荷塞指出，「我们认为，我们的产品能够帮助那些对仿冒感到头痛的产业，像是汽车零件和飞机零件业。我们也和一些政府进行磋商，好把我们的技术运用在货币上。」
−by Jon Van
单词发音
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shift [ʃɪft] n. 轮班；轮班工作时间
pharmaceutical [͵fɑrməˋsjutɪk!] n. 药品，药剂
encrypt [ɛnˋkrɪpt] v. 加密; 将…编码
start-up [ˋstɑrt͵ʌp] n. 新运作的公司; 新公司 a business or an undertaking that has recently begun operation
proprietary [prəˋpraɪə͵tɛrɪ] adj. 专卖的；专利的 owned and legally controlled by a particular company
head [hɛd] v. 带领
distinctively [dɪˋstɪŋktɪvlɪ] adv. 特殊地; 区别地
counterfeiter [ˋkaʊntɚ͵fɪtɚ] n. 伪造者
feel [fil] n. 触觉；手感
branding [ ˈbrændɪŋ] n. 品牌化; 烙印
aid [ed] v. 帮助，救助，支持[O2][（+in/with）]
prosecution [͵prɑsɪˋkjuʃən] n. 起诉，告发；检举
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Women dominate at veterinary medicine schools 兽医学院，女人天下
Odd hours, physical labor, blood, dirt, bites and kicks. For generations, women were told veterinary medicine was too tough for them.
不正常的工作时间，耗费体力、鲜血、泥土、口咬、脚踢。好几世代以来，大家总是告诉女性，兽医工作对她们来说太辛苦了。
But now, that longtime bastion of machismo is overwhelmingly female. In the past four decades, the number of women enrolled in college of veterinary medicine has skyrocketed from 140 to 8,000. Women’s increasing confidence in math and science is giving them a new edge in the fiercely competitive admissions process. In the mid-1970s, three-quarters of all students were male. The numbers are now reversed.
不过，时至今日，长久以来的男性堡垒如今却换成女性的天下。过去四十年间，女性进入兽医学院就读的人数，从一百四十人飙升到八千人。女性对数学及自然科学与日俱增的自信，使她们在竞争激烈的入学许可申请过程中占到了新的优势。在一九七０年代中期时，有四分之三的学生是男性，但如今男女比例则恰好相反。
Education equity laws and a changing perception of women in the workforce are among the significant developments that helped set the stage for veterinary medicine’s transformation. Another key change: better drugs.
教育平等法规以及对职业妇女认知的改变，是为兽医学的转变铺路的重要发展，另一项关键性的改变则是：更好的药物。
“We call the tranquilizer Dormosedan ‘the great equalizer,’” joked equine vet Kristin Dietrich.
马科兽医师克里斯廷．戴德丽开玩笑说，「我们称多摩斯登马用镇定剂为『伟大的男女平等促进者』（译注：药效更好的兽用镇定剂使兽医不再需要靠蛮力来制服大型动物。因此即使女性兽医也可胜任）。」
Physical danger was a greater threat in America’s more rural past. Back then, most work dealt with horses and cows – creatures whose medical emergencies often occur in remote pastures, sometimes in the cold, dark and the rain.
对兽医来说，在过去美国农村色彩较浓厚的时代，他们身体可能遭受的威胁较大。在当时，大部分劳动都会用到马和母牛──而这些动物出现紧急医疗状况时，常常都是发生在偏僻的牧场，有时也必须在寒冷的天候、在黑暗中，或是在雨中进行。
As farms give way to subdivisions, vets are increasingly treating a different kind of patient: the family pet. These small-animal clinics allow more time to raise a family, with flexible hours, part-time work and job sharing.
随着农场渐渐转变成出售用的小块建地，兽医愈来愈常治疗的对象却换成了另一种病患：家庭宠物。这些小动物诊所的工作时间有弹性、提供兼职工作与职务分摊，让人有更多时间来养家。
Modern vet practices also rely more on building strong relationships with people, something many women said they enjoy. There are no insurance companies telling them what to do.
现代兽医业也更仰赖与人建立稳固关系，许多女性表示她们很喜欢这一点，此外，也不会有保险公司告诉他们该做什么。
“What we do is motivational speaking. You can’t convince a dog or cat to take their medicine – you have to influence the owner,” said Carol Cardona, professor at the University of California-Davis. “I think that’s something that many women excel at.”
「我们所做的是鼓舞人心的谈话，你不能说服狗或猫吃药──你必须影响牠们的主人。」「加州大学戴维斯分校」的凯洛．卡多娜教授表示，「我认为那是许多女性非常擅长的事。」
−by Lisa M. Krieger
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veterinary medicine 兽医学 the branch of medicine connected with the health, diagnosis and treatment of animals
veterinary [ˋvɛtərə͵nɛrɪ] adj. 兽医的
machismo [mɑˋtʃizmo] n.【西】大男子气概 male behavior, which is characterized by being strong and forceful and having very traditional ideas about how men and women should behave
overwhelmingly [͵ovɚˋhwɛlmɪŋlɪ] adv. 压倒性地; 以压倒多数; 无法抵抗地 incapable of being resisted
admission [ədˋmɪʃən] n.（学校，会场，俱乐部等的）进入许可
equity [ˋɛkwətɪ] n. 公平，公正
tranquilizer [ˋtræŋkwɪ͵laɪzɚ] n. 镇定剂，精神安定剂 a drug used to make a person or animal calmer
equine [ˋikwaɪn] adj. 马的，马科的
pasture [ˋpæstʃɚ] n. 牧草地，放牧场
give way to 向…屈服, 让位于, 为…所代替
practice [ˋpræktɪs] n.（医生，律师等的）业务，工作
excel [ɪkˋsɛl] v. 擅长; 突出；胜过他人[（+in/at）] be good at
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Math disguised as video game 伪装成电动游戏的数学
The creators of a new educational video game say they have sneaked the latest teaching research into a colorful, animated adventure game so fun that kids will hardly realize they’re learning math.
一种新型教育性电动游戏的创造者表示，他们将最新教学研究悄悄融入多采多姿动画探险游戏中，游戏好玩到孩子不知道自己其实是在学数学。
“When a child sits down to play, the child thinks it’s a game,” said Lou Gray, chief executive of DreamBox Learning. “But the parents know the kids are seriously learning.”
「当孩子坐下来玩的时候，会以为这是个游戏。」「梦想盒学习公司」的执行总监卢．格雷指出，「但是父母知道．孩子是在严肃地进行学习。」
DreamBox says it is filling a gap left between effective – but boring – educational software and engaging “edu-tainment” that doesn’t really teach kids effectively. The company was cofounded by Gray and Ben Slivka, an educational philanthropist who helped create Microsoft’s first browser. DreamBox tested the web-based software on kids at after-school programs and began to sell online subscriptions in the fall of 2008.
「梦想盒公司」表示，（译注：市面上原本有两种学习软件，）一种是有效但无趣的教育软件，另一种则是吸引人但其实无法有效教导孩子的「育乐」（译注：兼具娱乐和教育功能的）软件，而该公司产品刚好弥补了上述两种软件遗留下的缺口。这家公司是由格雷与班．史利卡共同创立，后者是协助设计出「微软」第一款浏览器（译注：指Microsoft Explorer网页浏览器）的教育慈善家。「梦想盒公司」在课后班的孩子身上测试这个在线软件，二００八年秋季开始推出线上订阅。
A team of three elementary-school teachers helped the DreamBox software developers build a system that teaches foundational math skills backed by educational research and is individualized for every child. It guesses what will keep kids engaged in the “gamelike adventure” the same way Amazon guesses what books you might like to buy: by keeping data on what you bought in the past.
三位小学老师组成的团队协助「梦想盒公司」软件研发人员建立一套依据教育研究为基础的基础数学能力教学系统，而且依据每个孩子的需求而有个人化的设计。这套系统能推测什么会让孩子持续专心于「游戏般的探险」，方式就和「亚马逊公司」推测消费者可能会想买哪些书一样：藉由记录你过去购买的东西以便加以推测。
Kids choose a character and a theme – pirates or pets, for example – and then play a scavenger-hunt-style game, “finding” things that help the characters. The game adapts to their level of math skill and the ways they learn best.
孩子选择一个角色和一个主题──例如海盗或是宠物，然后开始玩一种类似寻宝的游戏，去「找出」能够帮助那个角色的东西。游戏还会依照适合孩子数学能力程度以及最利于他们学习的方式来做调整。
John Chattin-Nicholas, as associate professor at Seattle University’s College of Education, raised concernsabout the product, especially for such young children.
约翰．查丁──尼可斯是「西雅图大学」教育学院的副教授，他对这项产品有所疑虑，尤其是对这么年幼的孩子可能产生的影响。
Working alone at a screen “is not ideal for the majority of kids. They should be working with their hands. They should be listening to stories or being read stories. They should be playing with other kids,” he said. “It’s not clear to me that this age group needs more time sitting ….. looking at a screen.”
独自坐在屏幕前从事活动，「对大多数孩子并不理想，他们应该真正动手做，应该听故事，或是有人讲故事给他们听，他们应该和其他孩子一起玩，」他表示，「我看不出这个年纪的孩子有必要花更多时间来坐着…瞪着屏幕看。」
−by Emily Heffter
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disguise [dɪsˋgaɪz] v. 掩饰，隐瞒；乔装
fill a gap 弥合差距, 消除分歧
browser [ˋbraʊzɚ] n.【电脑】浏览器
subscription [səbˋskrɪpʃən] n. 预订；订阅
back [bæk] v. (用证据或理论来)证实(一种理论或主张)
individualize [͵ɪndəˋvɪdʒʊəl͵aɪz] v. 个别地加以考虑
engage in 从事于; 忙于; 埋头致力于
engage [ɪnˋgedʒ] v. 使从事，使忙于
scavenger-hunt 寻宝游戏 a game in which people must collect a number of specified items in a given period of time
scavenger [ˋskævɪndʒɚ] n. 食腐肉的动物; 清道夫
adapt [əˋdæpt] v. 调整…以适用
raise [rez] v. 提出；发出 to put forward for consideration:
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Keep your computer running well 保持你电脑的顺畅运作
If you’ve noticed that your computer is running slower than usual there are probably some good reasons. Spyware and other hidden problems may be behind it. This is nothing that a little routine maintenance won’t take care of.
如果你发现你的电脑跑得比平常慢，很可能事出有因，也许是间谍软件和其他隐藏的问题作祟，但这只要稍作日常维护就能解决了。
From ARALifestyle.com, here are three suggestions for keeping your computer in good working condition:
在ARA Lifestyle.com网站上，有三项建议能让你的电脑保持良好运作：
1. Clean up registry errors. Registry errors cause your computer to slow down. Everyday uses such as installing and removing software and playing online games can create errors in your PC’s registry. The more errors you have the more likely that you will experience a problem. To remedy these, download a registry cleaner. These programs will scan your PC’s registry and identify any errors. They will then fix the errors, restoring your PC’s performance.
清除登录档错误。登录文件错误会导致你的电脑速度减缓。安装、移除软件以及玩在线游戏等日常使用方式，都可能导致你个人电脑的登录文件产生错误。错误愈多，就愈可能出问题。补救方法是下载登录文件清除软件，这些程序会扫描你的个人电脑的登录文件，找出错误，然后修正错误，恢复电脑的性能。
2. Eliminate spyware. Spyware is software that can be installed on your computer without your knowledge. In addition to collecting information on your surfing habits, it can also slow down your computer considerably. You should scan daily for these programs if you use the Internet often or make frequent downloads. Antispyware programs can be found on the Internet. Many companies allow you to download them for free.
扫除间谍软件。间谍软件是在你不知不觉的情况下安装在你电脑中的软件，除了搜集你浏览习惯的信息外，还会大大降低电脑的速度。如果你常上网或常下载，就应该每天扫描侦测这些软件。网际网络上可以找到一些反间谍软件，而许多公司都提供免费下戴。
3. Keep an eye out for viruses. Viruses remain one of the major threats to your PC’s security. Don’t ignore these insidious problems. The best way to protect yourself is to subscribe to a virus protection software, particularly one that offers constant updates. You should scan for new viruses at least once a week. If you’re a heavy Internet user or receive a lot of unsolicited email, more frequently wouldn’t hurt.
提防病毒。病毒仍是个人电脑安全的主要威胁之一，别忽略了这些隐伏的问题。保护自己最好的方法，就是订阅防病毒软件，经常提供更新版本者尤佳。你应该每周至少侦测一次，看看是否藏有新病毒。如果你常上网，或是收到一大堆不请自来的电子邮件，那么提高侦测频率不会有什么坏处。
−by Marshall Loeb
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spyware【计算机】暗中侦察软件（一黑客软件，用户利用此程序，在受害者上网联机时，在其不知情的状况下，将其个人资料传送至其指定的目的网站等）
registry [ˋrɛdʒɪstrɪ] n. 登录檔; 登记；注册；挂号 the primary database for program information in Microsoft Windows operating systems and applications
without one’s knowledge 在某人不知情的情况下 that someone don’t understand
surfing [ˋsɝfɪŋ] n. 浏览网站 the act of briefly visiting a lot of websites
surf [ˋsɝfɪŋ] v. 在电脑网络上、或电视频道上搜索数据或娱乐，快速连续地看
considerably [kənˋsɪdərəblɪ] adv. 相当多地
keep an eye out (for something) 【口】留心或注意 to watch for the arrival or appearance of something; to watch carefully for someone or something
virus [ˋvaɪrəs] n. 【电脑】病毒 a computer program or part of a computer program, which can make copies of itself and is intended to prevent the computer from working normally
单词发音
Vocabulary Focus
counterfeit [ˋkaʊntɚ͵fɪt] adj. 伪造的；假冒的 made to look like the original of something, usually for dishonest or illegal purposes
encode [ɪnˋkod] v.（将文字材料）译成密码 to put into something coded information that can only be seen or understood through the use of specialized equipment
viable [ˋvaɪəb!] adj. 有望成功的; 切实可行的 able to work as intended or able to succeed
authenticate [ɔˋθɛntɪ͵ket] v. 证明……是真实的; 鉴定 to prove that something is real, true, or what people say it is
bastion [ˋbæstʃən]; [ ˈbæstiən ] n. 堡垒; 捍卫者 something that maintains or defends, especially a belief or a way of life that is disappearing or threatened
set the stage (+for) 为...作好准备 to make it possible or likely for something to happen
equalizer [ˋikwəl͵aɪzɚ] n. 使相等者；使平等者 something that makes two different things evenly matched
subdivision [sʌbdəˋvɪʒən] n.【美】供出卖而分成的小块土地 an area of land containing many homes built about the same time, especially near a town or small city
motivational [͵motəˋveʃənəl] adj. 激发积极性的；诱导的 giving you encouragement to do something
sneak [snik] v. 偷偷地做，偷偷地吃 to take or place something somewhere secretly
engaging [ɪnˋgedʒɪŋ] adj. 有吸引力的 causing someone to become interested or involved in an activity
philanthropist [fɪˋlænθrəpɪst] n. 慈善家 one who shows generosity toward other people and has a sincere wish to help them, especially by giving money
remedy [ˋrɛmədɪ] v. 补救；纠正；去除（弊病等）to do something to correct or improve something that is wrong
insidious [ɪnˋsɪdɪəs] adj.（疾病等）不知不觉间加剧的；隐伏的 referring to something unpleasant or dangerous that gradually and secretly causes harm
unsolicited [͵ʌnsəˋlɪsɪtɪd] adj. 未经请求的；主动提供的 not requested
NanoInk, a nano technoloogy company
DreamBox Learning Kid's Math Game Demo
How To Create a Modern Scavenger Hunt