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Winston Churchill, CEO 执行长丘吉尔

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Essential insight from a legendary leader  一位伟大领袖的真知洞见

As one of today’s most prolific business writers, Alex Axelrod has perfected the art and craft of turning the lives oflegendary people into smart lessons all leaders can use to improve their work. In his previous books, such as Patton on Leadership; Elizabeth I, CEO and Eisenhower on Leadership, Axelrod distilled pivotal moments in the lives of historical leaders into inspirational nuggets of wisdom any manager and executive can put into practice today. With his latest book, Winston Churchill, CEO, Axelrod brings valuable strategic and management ideas to life through the experiences and decisions made by a great world leader whose impact continues to reverberate.

亚伦．艾索洛是现今最多产的商业书籍作家之一，他善于将传奇人物的生平转化为巧妙教材，提供所有领导者用以改善自己的作为。他过去的著作包括《巴顿将军论领导》、《执行长伊丽莎白一世》、《艾森豪威尔威尔威尔威尔威尔总统论领导》等，艾索洛将这些史上著名领袖人生中的关键时刻，淬炼成现代经理人与主管可据实行、具有启发性的金玉良言。在他的最新著作《执行长丘吉尔》一书中，藉由这位影响深远的伟大世界领袖的经验与决策，艾索洛生动勾勒出宝贵的策略与管理概念。

A national hero  民族英雄

Winston Churchill was more than the world leader and Nobel Prize winner he became in his later years, Axelrod explains.

艾索洛解释道，温斯顿．丘吉尔的成就，已超乎世界领袖的地位与晚年获得的诺贝尔奖得主身分。

In 1898, he was an ambitious 23-year-old second lieutenant in the British Army. He soon became a newspaper war correspondent and a best-selling author who wrote about the battles of Britain’s colonial wars from his firsthand experiences on the front line. After he resigned from the army, he ran for Parliament and lost. After that, he became a well-paid war correspondent for The Morning Post, who covered the Second (Great) Boer War. After he was captured, broke out of prison and escaped, he returned home to England as a national hero.

一八九八年，丘吉尔是位满怀雄心壮志的二十三岁英国陆军少尉，后来很快就成为报纸的战地通讯记者及畅销书作家，他利用自己在前线的第一手经验，描写英国殖民地战争的战役。从军中退役后，丘吉尔竞选国会议员失利，于是转任英国《晨间邮报》的高薪战地记者，报导第二次（译注：南非）波尔战争。丘吉尔遭俘后，越狱逃走，回到英国成了民族英雄。

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distill [dɪsˋtɪl] v.【喻】净化；浓缩；吸取……的精华

nugget [ˋnʌgɪt] n. 珍品；珍闻; 天然金块；矿块

lieutenant [luˋtɛnənt] n.（英国）陆军（或海军陆战队）中尉

correspondent [͵kɔrɪˋspɑndənt] n. 通讯记者；特派员

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After serving in British government during World War I, Churchill became a lieutenant colonel and fought on the Western Front. When he returned to England, he was named minister of munitions.

一次世界大战期间丘吉尔为英国政府效力后，成为中校在西线作战。回到英国之时，被任命为军需部长。

After the war, Churchill became secretary of state for war and air, was voted out of office, wrote another bestseller (The World Crisis) and rejoined Parliament in 1923. Next, he was appointed to a cabinet post by the new prime minister.

战后，丘吉尔成为陆军大臣兼空军大臣，竞选失利下台后写了另一本畅销书（《世界危机》）。一九二三年重回国会，随后被新任首相任命为内阁阁员。

Defeating powerful forces  打败强权

In the 1930s, Churchill urged England to prepare for an attack from Hitler’s army. When world events proved that his predictions of Nazi aggression were correct, Prime Minister Chamberlain gave Churchill his old post of first lord of admiralty. When Chamberlain resigned in May 1940 after a failed assault on the Germans in Norway, Churchill replaced him as prime minister. As a war leader, Churchill and the Royal Air Force defeated the Luftwaffe in the Battle of Britain and prevented an invasion. Even though he was ousted after the war, he was voted back into the prime minister’s seat in 1951 and knighted for his services to his country.

一九三０年代，丘吉尔力促英国须为希特勒军队的进攻而预作准备。世界局势证明他对纳粹侵略野心的预测正确，首相张伯伦命丘吉尔回锅担任海军大臣。英国在挪威攻打德军失败后，张伯伦在一九四０年五月辞职下台，丘吉尔遂接任首相。身为战时领袖，丘吉尔与英国皇家空军在不列颠之战中，打败德国空军，阻止了德国入侵。虽然丘吉尔在战后又下台（译注：因为所属政党选输），不过一九五一年他再度胜选，复任首相，并因对英国的贡献而受封为爵士。

From Winston Churchill’s amazing story, Axelrod pulls 25 bold lessons that can be learned from the life of a man who was more than England’s leader. This man of many talents could rally action, inspire emotion, strategize, communicate, manage and lead a country through its most difficult days. He also offers all leaders a role model who turned his failures into lessons and disasters into opportunities for success.

艾索洛从温斯顿．丘吉尔精采的一生中，找出二十五项大胆启示，让我们可以效法这位超乎英国领袖地位的伟人。丘吉尔具备多样才华，他能够促成团结、激励人心、精于谋略，善沟通、懂管理，在最艰困的时刻带领国家度过难关。他同时也为所有领导者立下榜样，化失败为教训，将灾祸转为成功契机。

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munitions [mjuˋnɪʃənz] (pl n) 军火；军需品  military weapons such as guns and bombs

cabinet [ˋkæbənɪt] n. 内阁 a small group of people within a government who advise the highest leader

post [post] n. 职位；职守 a position of employment

admiralty [ˋædmərəltɪ] n. 海军上将的军衔（职位或权力）

assault [əˋsɔlt] n. 攻击，袭击

Luftwaffe [ˋlʊft͵vɑfə] n.（纳粹时代的）德国空军

knight [naɪt] v. 封……为爵士，授……以爵士位

strategize ['strætəˌdʒaɪz] v. 制订战略[行动计划] to devise a strategy or course of action

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Deep personal and moral values  坚定的个人与道德价值观

Throughout Winston Churchill, CEO, Axelrod turns very specific historical moments into broad strokes of genius that can be widely applied. For example, in the chapter that espouses the importance of drawing a line and holding your ground, he points out that Churchill once said, “We would rather see London laid in ruins and ashes than that it should be tamely and abjectly enslaved.”

在《执行长丘吉尔》一书中，艾索洛将特定的历史时刻变成可广泛应用的灵活巧思，举例来说，书中有一章是强调有所为也有所不为、坚守立场的重要，艾索洛指出丘吉尔曾经说过，「我们宁可看到伦敦成为废墟一片，也不愿见它卑躬屈膝受人奴役。」

Axelrod translates Churchill’s underlying messages about the importance of values and principles into usable terms for all organizations and leaders. To add impact to Churchill’s point about drawing a line, Axelrod conjures the words of Ralph Waldo Emerson to show when defining a core identity is more important than flexibility.

丘吉尔对于价值与原则重要性这种隐而未宣的意旨，艾索洛将之转化为所有组织与领导者均可运用的说法。为了增强丘吉尔「有所为也有所不为」观点的效果，艾索洛引用爱默森的话，说明有时候确立核心的安身立命的认同感，其实比变通更重要。

Axelrod then infuses this lesson with an in-depth examination of Churchill’s life and the decisions he made during his long tenure as a leader to add sturdy weight to the argument for installing deep personal and moral values into leadership.

艾索洛更进一步深入检视丘吉尔的生平与担任领袖漫长期间所下的决定，为「领导者须灌输培养坚定个人与道德价值观」的论点，提供有力左证。

As a renowned historian and business author, Axelrod transforms the life and words of Churchill into a story that offers leadership lessons, which are as timely today as they were when Churchill put them into action while successfully leading his country through its most harrowing times.

艾索洛是位声名卓著的历史学家与商业书籍作家，他将丘吉尔的生平言行，改写成具有领导启示的故事，这些领导守则在今日恰如其时，就如当初丘吉尔成功带领英国走过最艰辛时刻将这些原则化为行动一般。

−by Alan Axelrod

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deep [dip] adj.（感情）深切的，深厚的

stroke of genius 神来之笔; 灵活巧思 an act of genius; a very clever and innovative idea or task

draw a line 划清界限；制定的路线 reasonably object (to) or set a limit (on)

hold one’s ground 坚持(主张、意图、论点等); 不屈服; 不让步 to maintain one's position, stance or opinion

tamely [ˋtemlɪ] adv. 驯服地；温顺地

abjectly [ˋæbdʒɛktlɪ] adv. 卑躬屈膝地; 低声下气地

enslave [ɪnˋslev] v. 使做奴隶；奴役

underlying [͵ʌndɚˋlaɪɪŋ] adj. 含蓄的；潜在的; 基本的，根本的 basic; fundamental; present but not obvious

flexibility [͵flɛksəˋbɪlətɪ] n. 机动性, 灵活性

tenure [ˋtɛnjʊr] n. 任职; 任期   the period of time that someone holds a job, especially an official position

sturdy [ˋstɝdɪ] adj. 坚固的，经久耐用的

argument [ˋɑrgjəmənt] n. 说理；论证

timely [ˋtaɪmlɪ] adj. 及时的；适时的

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legendary [ˋlɛdʒənd͵ɛrɪ] adj. 著名的; 传奇的 very famous and admired or spoken about

prolific [prəˋlɪfɪk] adj. 多产的，多育的；富于创造力的 producing a great number or amount of something

reverberate [rɪˋvɝbə͵ret] v. 回响 to have an effect on everyone or everything in a place

cover [ˋkʌvɚ] v. 采访，报导 to report the news about a particular important event

oust [aʊst] v. 把…赶下台; 推翻 to force someone out of a job or position

rally [ˋrælɪ] v.（重新）集合，重整; 重新振作（精神等）；召集；团结 to cause to come together in order to provide support or make a shared effort

espouse [ɪsˋpaʊz] v. 信仰, 信奉, 拥护 to support an activity or opinion

conjure [ˋkʌndʒɚ] v. 令人想起; 用魔法变出 to make a picture or idea appear in someone’s mind

harrowing [ˈherəʊɪŋ] adj. 悲惨的 extremely upsetting because connected with suffering

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