A New Defense Against Lung Cancer 对抗肺癌新利器
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- 创建于 2011年3月31日
- 最后更新于 2024年5月25日
- 发布于 2014年8月11日
- 作者：Mike Lee
- 点击数：327
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A new study shows CT scans of smokers can reduce lung cancer deaths by 20 percent一项新研究显示，吸烟者接受电脑断层扫描可望使其肺癌死亡率减少20%
Advanced CT imaging can reduce deaths from lung cancer by 20 percent among heavy smokers, according to long-awaited results from the first comparison of CT scanning and regular chest X-rays, researchers said in November.
研究人员于十一月表示，首度比对电脑断层扫描及一般的胸部X光检查的结果显示，先进的电脑断层影像可望使瘾君子罹患肺癌的死亡率减少20%，而外界对这项结果期待已久。
The results of the study among more than 53,000 former and current heavy smokers were so conclusive that the study was terminated prematurely and letters were sent to all the participants advising them of the results.
这项研究调查了超过五万三千名目前已戒烟或尚未戒烟的老烟枪，所获得的结果确凿到研究提前终止，并发信给所有参与者，提醒他们研究的结果。
The findings are considered to be a major step forward in fighting lung cancer, which is expected to kill an estimated 157,000 Americans this year, because chest X-rays have never been shown to be an effective tool for identifying tumors.
这项发现被视为对抗肺癌跨出了一大步，因为据估计今年将会有十五万七千名美国人会死于肺癌，原因是胸部X光并非辨识肿瘤的有效利器。
“This is the first clear demonstration that a screening procedure can be effective in reducing deaths from lung cancer,” said Dr. Douglas Lowy of the National Cancer Institute, which sponsored the $250 million study.
（美国）国家癌症研究院的道格拉斯．劳瑞博士表示，「这是首度证实有筛检程序能有效降低肺癌的死亡率。」该研究院赞助这项耗资两亿五千万美元的研究。
A new use for older technology 旧科技的新用途
The technology involved in the screening is called low-dose spiral CT imaging, in which a complete three-dimensional image of the chest cavity can be produced during the duration of one held breath. The technology is much more sensitive than a conventional chest X-ray, but also uses much more radiation.
筛检所采用的科技，被称为低剂量螺旋电脑断层影像，能在一次屏住呼吸的期间内制出完整的三度空间胸腔影像。这种科技比传统的胸部X光还更具敏感度，但所使用的辐射也比较多。
Participants in the study were enrolled at 33 sites nationwide in 2002 and 2003. Each was between the ages of 55 and 74 at the beginning of the study and had smoked the equivalent of a pack a day for 30 years. Subjects were randomized to receive either yearly chest X-rays or yearly spiral CTs for three years, then monitored for the duration of the study. Lung cancer deaths were confirmed by a panel of experts.
参与该研究的人士是在2002年至2003年间在全国33处地点所募集而来。在参与研究之初，每位受调者年龄均介于55至74岁之间，而且每天吸烟量相当于一包烟，烟龄30年。这些接受研究调查的人，被随机安排接受每年胸部X光或每年螺旋电脑断层检查，连续三年，之后在研究进行期间接受监测。罹患肺癌死亡的病例也经专家小组确认。
By October 2010, a total of 354 lung cancer deaths had occurred among those in the CT arm of the study, compared to 442 in the chest X-ray group. The data-monitoring board concluded that the study had met its goal.
到十月廿日之前，研究中接受电脑断层组的人士中，总共有354件肺癌死亡案例，相较之下，胸部X光组则有442件死亡案例。监测信息的独立评估机构也做出结论，认为该研究已达成其目标。
－by Thomas H. Maugh II
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prematurely [͵priməˋtjʊrlɪ] adv. 过早地 occurring, growing, or existing before the customary, correct, or assigned time; uncommonly or unexpectedly early
chest cavity 胸腔 the cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart
radiation [͵redɪˋeʃən] n. 辐射能；放射线
arm [ɑrm] n. 部门 ; 组 a division of some larger or more complex organization
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Vocabulary Focus
conclusive [kənˋklusɪv] adj. 令人确信的; 毫无疑问的 proving that something is true, or ending any doubt
terminate [ˋtɝmə͵net] v. 结束；终止 to cause something to end or stop
conventional [kənˋvɛnʃən!] adj. 传统的 traditional and ordinary
randomize [ˋrændəm͵aɪz] v. 随机选择 to assign by chance to separate groups in order to fairly compare the outcomes with different treatments
Spiral CT Scans - Carolinas HealthCare System