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From Campus to Commerce 从校园到商场

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Interviews with entrepreneurs and academics about putting the knowledge nurtured at universities to work in the wider world  企业家与学者接受访问，谈及如何把大学培养出来的知识应用在真实世界里

Nada Hashmi and Jean Pierre Nshimyimana  娜妲．哈什米与尚．皮耶．胥亚马纳

Hashmi and Nshimyimana, 29, are fellows at MIT’s [Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s] Legatum Center, established by Grameenphone founder Iqbal Z. Quadir to connect aspiring entrepreneurs with technology experts and potential investors.

哈什米和二十九岁的胥亚马纳是麻省理工学院列格坦中心的研究员。这座中心由葛拉敏电话公司创办人伊可布．Ｚ．奎德所成立，目的在于让胸怀大志的企业家能够与科技专家及潜在投资者搭上线。

Hashmi: “My company will bring mobile health-care vans to remote villages, first in Saudi Arabia at the end of 2011 or the beginning of 2012, and then to other areas in the Middle East. After attending lectures and speaking with my mentors and colleagues at MIT, I came up with the idea of using the vans not only as a way to distribute health care but also as an advertising vehicle for companies and other entities. That way, we can provide the service free to customers.”

哈什米：「我的公司将会以活动医疗车来服务偏远村庄，首先会在二０一一年底或二０一二年初从沙特阿拉伯开始，然后扩及中东的其他地区。在麻省理工学院听了一些课，又和这里的教师及同僚谈过之后，我有了一个构想：医疗车不但可以用来推广医疗服务，还可以让一些公司及其他组织刊登广告。这么一来，我们就可以为民众提供免费的服务了。」

Nshimyimana: “I am now developing an environmental engineering consultancy that will provide clean water and green-energy solutions to rural areas, first in Rwanda and then, hopefully, in other developing countries. Legatum has enabled me to understand the practicalities, challenges, and opportunities that exist, and to merge science and business to create a company that really will be able to change things for the better.”

胥亚马纳：「我现在正在筹备一家环境工程咨商公司，为乡下地区提供净水及绿能方案，首先从卢安达开始，然后希望能够推广到其他开发中国家。列格坦中心让我得以了解各种可能存在的实际情况、挑战及机会，并且结合科学与商业，从而成立一家真正能够改善这个世界的公司。」

Marjorie Hunter  玛裘莉．杭特

Hunter, 53, markets academic research to companies and entrepreneurs; such collaborations brought the University of Rochester Medical center nearly $70 million in royalties in fiscal 2008.

五十三岁的杭特专门向公司及企业家营销学术研究。罗彻斯特大学医学中心就因为这样的合作关系而在二００八会计年度获得了七千万美元的权利金。

“I think of myself as a liaison or broker between academics and the business world.”

「我认为自己是学术界与商业界的联络人或中介人。」

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academic [͵ækəˋdɛmɪk] n. 学者; 大学教师; 教授

fellow [ˋfɛlo] n.（大学的）研究员

aspiring [əˋspaɪrɪŋ] adj. 有志气的；有强烈愿望的；有抱负的

consultancy [kənˋsʌltənsɪ] n. 咨询公司，顾问服务公司

practicality [͵præktɪˋkælətɪ] n. 实际的事情﹐实际问题；实用性；实例

collaboration [kə͵læbəˋreʃən] n. 合作；共同研究

royalty [ˋrɔɪəltɪ] n. 专利权税；版税

fiscal [ˋfɪsk!] adj. 会计年度的 describing a period of twelve months for which a business, government, etc. plans its management of money

broker [ˋbrokɚ] n. 经纪人，掮客 a person who talks to opposing sides, especially governments, making arrangements for them or bringing to an end of disagreements

课文朗读

课文讲解

“For many years, there was an ivory-tower approach to university research – that it really should be research for research’s sake, and that working too closely with industry might sully or compromise the work’s integrity. But there is a growing desire among academics and research scientists to see their discoveries and inventions result in improvements to society – something concrete that will really help people – especially in the medical area. When our scientists make technological breakthroughs that become products, they actually share in the revenue that the university accumulates.”

「多年来，大学研究一直封闭在象牙塔内，认为研究工作应该只以研究本身为目的，而和业界太密切合作可能会玷污或有损研究工作的完整性。不过，现在有愈来愈多学者和研究科学家都希望看见自己的发现及发明能够发挥改善社会的功效，产生真正对人有帮助的具体成果──尤其是在医疗方面。科学家在科技上的突破一旦化为产品，他们实际上还可以分享大学藉此获得的收益。」

Michael Stein  麦可．史坦

Stein, 40, offers companies access to a superfast network that can transfer vast amounts of data, in real time, from 187 universities and research institutions.

四十岁的史坦为企业提供一种超快速的网络，能够从一百八十七所大学及研究机构实时传送大量数据。

“We found a unique asset called the National LambdaRail that was designed and built to move large files within the research community. Darkstrand bought half the capacity of this pipe to run real commercial data alongside R&D data. For example, we’re working with a major insurance company to put weather patterns from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on top of its data mining to create a new actuary table for hurricane policies. The possibilities for innovation are endless if bandwidth isn’t a constraint.”

「我们发现了一种独特的资产，称为国立兰姆达轨，其目的在于让研究圈内的人士得以相互传递大型档案。黑线公司买下了这条管路的半数带宽，除了传输研发数据之外，也传送真正的商业数据。举例来说，我们目前正和这家公司的资料探勘结合起来，而为飓风险提出新的精算表。只要带宽不受限制，创新的可能性就无穷无尽。」

Lisa Lapin  莉萨．拉宾

Lapin, 45, helped start Futurity, a website that aggregates highlights of the latest research from more than 55 universities, from Yale to Caltech.

四十五岁的拉宾协助创立了「未来性」网站，这座网站从许多大学汇集最新研究的摘要，来源超过五十五所大学，包括了耶鲁和加州理工学院。

“We want the accumulated intellectural output of these universities to be available in one easily accessible place. And there really is a need for this today. The site provides fresh, right-out-of-the-laboratory information that has been vetted by peer review. Our goal is clear: Our audience is not only the public but also policy makers and business and commercial entities – people interested in turning the latest technology and medicine into practical applications.”

「我们希望这些大学的学术产出能汇集在一个能够轻易取得之处。当今确实有这样的需求。这座网站提供才刚从实验室里产生出来、还热腾腾的新信息，而且也通过了同侪审查。我们的目标很明确：我们的使用者不仅限于大众，还包括了决策者和企业及商业组织──这些人都乐于把最新的科技与药品转化为实际应用的产品。」

−interview by Gay jervey

单词发音

More Information

ivory-tower 象牙塔的（指脱离现实生活的小天地）describing an attitude of not wanting to know about or avoid the ordinary and unpleasant things that happen in people’s lives

integrity [ɪnˋtɛgrətɪ] n. 完整，完全

concrete [ˋkɑnkrit] adj. 实在的；具象的；具体的

real time【计算机】实时

data mining 数据挖掘；资料探勘 the use of technology to collect information and gain insight from it

actuary [ˋæktʃʊ͵ɛrɪ] n.（保险）精算师；（保险公司）会计 someone who calculates how likely accidents are to happen, and tells insurance companies how much they should charge their customers

output [ˋaʊt͵pʊt] n. 产品；作品

vet [vɛt] v. 调查；检查

单词发音

Vocabulary Focus

remote [rɪˋmot] adj. 遥远的；偏僻的 far away in distance, time, or relation

entity [ˋɛntətɪ] n. 实体机构 something which exists apart from other things, having its own independent existence

merge [mɝdʒ] v. 合并; 融合 to cause things to combine or join together

liaison [͵lɪeˋzɑn] n. 联络人；联系人 someone who helps groups to work effectively with each other

sully [ˋsʌlɪ] v. 污点；损伤 to spoil something which is pure or someone’s perfect reputation

accumulate [əˋkjumjə͵let] v. 累积，积聚；积攒 to collect a large amount of something over a long period of time

constraint [kənˋstrent] n. 约束；限制 something which controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits

Iqbal Quadir of Legatum Center at MIT and GrameenPhone: Extended Interview