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Genes Key to Entrepreneurs’ Drive 基因－企业家养成的关键

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Genes Key to Entrepreneurs’ Drive  基因－企业家养成的关键

It used to be widely assumed that the entrepreneurial spirit in children was based on the influence of one’s parents. According to a new study of identical twins in Britain and the U.S., that is not the case anymore. It seems that a person’s ability or drive to become self-employed may be in his or her genes. This suggests that entrepreneurs are mostly born rather than made.

人们曾普遍认为孩童的企业家精神是受父母的影响。但一项在英国及美国针对同卵双胞胎所进行的新研究指出，情况不再是如此。似乎一个人自行创业的能力及驱力可能都受到基因的影响。这意味着，企业家大多是天生的，而不是后天培养的。

The study compared self-employment in 609 pairs of identical twins and 657 pairs of same-sex non-identical twins. The former share all the same genes, while the latter share about half. Researchers found that the rate of entrepreneurship in identical twins is greater than that in non-identical twins. Put differently, it means that when one twin was an entrepreneur, it was more likely that the second twin would also become one. Contrary to previous beliefs, family environment and upbringing, it seems, have little influence.

这项研究比较609对同卵双胞胎及657对同性的异卵双胞胎只有一半的基因相同。研究人员发现同卵双胞胎自行创业的比例多过异卵双胞胎。换句话说，意味着同卵双胞胎中如有一人是企业家，另一个也很有可能成为企业家。与以前看法相反的是，家庭环境和教养似乎没有什么影响力。

Concern over Handwriting Lessons  关注手写课程教育

In the age of computer technology, it appears that handwriting has been left behind. A survey in England estimated that nowadays only 13 percent of written communication is done by pen and paper, compared to 50 percent by email, and 29 percent by text message.

在计算机科技年代，手写能力似乎已被远抛脑后了。英国某项调查估计；当今大约只有百分之13的书写沟通是透过纸笔，而百分之50是靠电子邮件，百分之29是靠简讯。

This has led to some concern that the education system could do damage to students by neglecting to teach them handwriting. In England, a study found that two-thirds of teachers had not been teaching students how to increase their writing speeds. Poor handwriting could affect students’ exam performance, overall academic achievement as well as self-esteem. In an increasingly competitive world, handwriting might just be what sets you apart from the pack.

这种现象引起人们的担忧，担心教育体系疏于教导学生手写能力，对学童会造成不良影响。英国一项研究发现，有三分之二的老师在师资初期训练的时候，没学到如何培养孩子手写能力。此外，多数学校没有教导学童如何增加他们的写字速度。手写能力不佳可能会影响学生的考试表现、整体的学业成就和自信心。在这个日益竞争的世界中，手写能力可能就是让你脱颖而出的能力。

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Vocabulary

entrepreneur [͵ɑntrəprəˋnɝ] n. 企业家；事业创办者

upbringing [ˋʌp͵brɪŋɪŋ] n. 养育；教养

overall [ˋovɚ͵ɔl] adj. 总的，全部的

self-esteem [͵sɛlfəsˋtim] n. 自尊（心）

More Information

assume [əˋsjum] v. 以为；假定为

identical [aɪˋdɛntɪk!] adj. 完全相同的

self-employed [͵sɛlfɪmˋplɔɪd] adj. 自己经营而不受雇于人的﹐自雇的﹐个体户的

put differently:  换句话说 in other words

contrary [ˋkɑntrɛrɪ] to  与...相反

leave behind: 留下; 遗忘 leave unchanged

survey [sɚˋve] n. 调查；调查报告

nowadays [ˋnaʊə͵dez] adv. 现今，时下

text message   简讯

do damage to  损害

neglect [nɪgˋlɛkt] v. 忽略

academic [͵ækəˋdɛmɪk] adj. 学术的; 学业的

competitive [kəmˋpɛtətɪv] adj. 竞争的

set something apart from:  使某人/某事物与众不同或优于其他的   to make something stand out when compared to something else