Why Are Hydrogen Bonds Important? 每月一问：为什么氢键很重要？
- 详细资料
- 创建于 2004年5月17日
- 最后更新于 2024年5月25日
- 发布于 2011年6月28日
- 作者：Mike Lee
- 点击数：306
课文朗读
课文讲解
While hiking, Paul and Anna take a break next to a stream: 郊游时，保罗和安娜在一条小河旁休憩：
P: Ah, this is the life. Majestic mountains, a babbling brook.
啊，这才是真正享受人生。欣赏崇山峻岭、潺潺溪流…
A: Hey, look at those little water striders walking on the water. They’re amazing!
嘿，看那些小水黾在水面上行走。牠们真行！
P: Actually, their water walking has more to do with the water than the strider’s abilities. Because of their uneven shape, H2O molecules are negatively charged at the oxygen end and positively charged at the hydrogen end.
其实，水黾能在水面上行走，跟水的组成比较有关，而非牠们的能力。由于水分子的形状不规则，其氧原子端带负电，而氢原子端则带正电。
A: Yeah, yeah. Hydrogen bonds. Remember, we met in chemistry class? The opposite charges allow intermolecular bonds to form between H2O molecules accounting for liquid water’s unique “stickiness” and, therefore, its surface tension.
是的，就是因为氢键的关系。还记得吗？我们一起上过化学课的。带不同的电荷使得水分子之间彼此紧密结合，形成独特的「黏着力」，也就是表面张力。
P: And it’s that surface tension which allows them water striders to walk on water. What’s more, because hydrogen and oxygen atoms grab at each other, it takes considerable energy to raise the temperature of water.
就因为这种表面张力，所以水黾【注】能在水面上行走。而且又因为氢原子和氧原子彼此紧密结合在一起，以致需要很大的能量才能使水温上升。
A: Which stabilizes the global climate because oceans can store enormous amounts of heat. Pass the canteen, please. I need a sip of water.
这样全球气候才能稳定，因为海洋能够贮存大量的热能。请把水壸递给我，我得喝一口水。
P: Here you are. Hydrogen bonds also shape the land. When water freezes, hydrogen bonds force the water molecules into a lattice which expands.
拿去吧。氢键也能塑造陆地的外形。当水结成冰时，氢键迫使水分子变成会向外扩张的晶格。
A: And that expansion’s the driving force behind erosion. Now, shall we skip the chem review and press on?
而这种扩张现象导致陆地遭到侵蚀。好，就此打住，现在我们可以继续往前走，别再讨论化学课了吧？
P: Onwards and upwards!
往前走，向上爬！
－by Grady Sales
Vocabulary
单词发音
hike [haɪk] v. 徒步旅行，远足
stream [strim] n. 小河，溪流
babble [ˋbæb!] v. 发出潺潺流水声
water strider 水黾
uneven [ʌnˋivən] adj. 不规则的
negatively charged 带负电荷的
account for 说明, 作某事物的解释
surface tension【物】表面张力
grab [græb] v. 抓（住）[（+at）]
considerable [kənˋsɪdərəb!] adj. 相当大的；相当多的
stabilize [ˋsteb!͵aɪz] v. 稳定；安定
canteen [kænˋtin] n.（士兵等用的）水壶
lattice [ˋlætɪs] n.【物】晶格，点阵
erosion [ɪˋroʒən] n.〔风﹑雨﹑海水等的〕侵蚀﹐腐蚀
chem =chemistry 化学
press on 奋力前进
Sentence of the Day
Like hydrogen and oxygen, for some couples, opposites attract.
就像氢和氧，有些人成双成对的缘故是因为异性相吸。
opposites attract 异性相吸