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The Two Faces of Turkey 土耳其面临转型

课文朗读

课文讲解

繁體中文譯本

The scene in Istanbul’s Taksim Square couldn’t be more cosmopolitan: businessmen discuss the European Union (EU), and women flip through Western fashion magazines. Taksim Square could be anywhere in Europe, but minutes away is another world, one of mosques, minarets, and women in headscarves. These two faces are central to Turkey’s national character, but there are deep divisions between the two.

伊斯坦堡塔克辛广场的市容绝对是国际性大都会的模样：商人讨论有关欧联的事情，女人翻阅西方的流行杂志。塔克辛广场可以和欧洲任何一处相仿，但就在几分钟距离之外，又是另一个世界，有着清真寺、尖塔和围头巾的女人。这两种风貌是土耳其现在最主要的国家性格，不过这两者间的隔阂很深。

The modern Republic of Turkey was spawned in 1923 by the radical reforms of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who made Turkey a rigorously secular country. However, Turkey’s Western-style division of church and state still has little meaning beyond urban areas and the influential military.

现代的土耳其共和国在1923年由凯末尔（Mustafa Kemal Ataturk）的激进改革而产生，从此土耳其成为世俗化相当深的国家。不过土耳其的国家与宗教的西化被局限在城市地区和具有权势的军队。

A trip through the Turkish countryside is a trip back in time. A stone’s throw from Turkey’s capital, Ankara, is Çatalhöyük, the world’s oldest city. It’s in these rural areas where life remains the same as it has been for centuries – deeply Islamic. Here, many traditionalists feel that Turkey has become a mere Middle-Eastern pawn for the West.

一趟参观土耳其的农村之旅像是一趟时光回溯之旅。离土耳其首都安卡拉仅一石之遥的就是新石器时代凯塞塔宏玉，全世界最老的城市。在这些乡村地区生活仍然维持着几世纪前一般──完全回教式的生活。在这儿，很多传统人士感觉土耳其已经变成不过是西方在中东地区的爪牙。

As traditional values and Ataturk’s vision continue to collide, Turkey’s longstanding EU membership application hangs in the balance. Many are curious to see if the EU will remain a Christian-only club, and how Turkey will balance the tension in its national character.

当传统价值和凯末尔急欲现代化的远景相冲突之际，土耳其加入欧盟会员国的申请始终悬而未决。许多国际人士都很好奇，想看看欧盟是否仍会维持惟基督教国家为会员的策略，以及土耳其将如何在国家性格的紧张情势下找到平衡。

Vocabulary

单词发音

Istanbul [͵ɪstænˋbul] n. 伊斯坦堡（土耳其都市）

cosmopolitan [͵kɑzməˋpɑlətn] adj. 世界性的，国际性的

mosque [mɑsk] n. 清真寺，回教寺院

minaret [͵mɪnəˋrɛt] n. 清真寺的尖塔

headscarf [`hɛdskɑrf] n.（包）头巾

spawn [spɔn] v. 产生

rigorously [ˋrɪgərəslɪ]  adv. (测试、系统或程序)严格地

secular [ˋsɛkjəlɚ] adj. 世俗的；非宗教的

division [dəˋvɪʒən] n. 区域

Ankara [ˋɑŋkərə] n. 安卡拉（土耳其首都）

pawn [pɔn] n. 马前卒，爪牙

longstanding [ˋlɔŋˋstændɪŋ] adj. 为时甚久的；长期存在的

hang in the balance  悬而未决  If an outcome is hanging in the balance, there are at least two possibilities and it is impossible to predict which will win out.

Sentence of the Day

Ataturk’s reforms changed the face of Turkey.

凯穆尔带领的改革运动改变了土耳其的面貌。

课文讲解

Sally, from Taiwan, and Mehmet get off a bus in Turkey:  台湾来的莎利和米梅特从土耳其的一辆巴士下车：

S: Oh my! I’ve never ridden such a luxurious bus!

噢，天哪！我从来没有坐过这么豪华的巴士！

M: Yes, we’re quite proud of our long-distance bus industry. Most of the vehicles are made by Mercedes and are very modern.

是的，我们对于自己的长途巴士工业很感到自豪，绝大多数巴士都是由奔驰车厂制造的，而且非常时髦。

S: I love this country! I can visit Greek and Roman ruins on a bus that’s light year ahead of anything in Taiwan.

我喜欢这个国家！我可以坐很先进的巴士车去希腊和罗马古迹废墟参观，那车子比台湾的不知进步多少光年。

M: It might be interesting for you, but living so close to tradition poses problems for us.

对妳或许很有趣，但是对我们而言，过着太贴近传统的生活有不少问题。

S: How so? Those people we saw from the bus have been living in the same way for generations.

怎么会如此？我们从巴士看到的那些人，已经过了好几代的传统生活了。

M: And I saw poverty, headscarves forced on women, and intolerance. Forgive me, I’m speaking a bit forcefully. Many of us who’ve grown up in the city see the Islamic side of Turkey as old-fashioned.

而我看到了贫穷，女人被迫罩头巾，和偏执守旧。请原谅我，我的言谈显得有些激烈。我们很多在城市里长大的人认为，土耳其属回教的那一部份太老旧了。

S: I know women’s headscarves are seen as a particularly symbolic – and controversial – gesture, but there must be a way Turkey can continue democratically without turning its back on tradition.

我知道女人罩头巾被认为有特别的象征意义──而且颇具争议性，但是总有什么方法可以让土耳其继续民主化，而又不须舍弃传统的吧。

M: Perhaps, although it feels like the EU is biased against us because of our Islamic connection. At the same time, neglecting our past has encouraged militant fundamentalist.

也许，不过感觉上欧盟对我们持有偏见，因为我们的回教关系。而同时，忽略传统的做法又鼓励了军系基本教义份子崛起。

S: Sort of a catch-22?

有点进退两难吗？

M: Sure. Hey, before we tour these ruins, let’s set Turkish politics aside –

正是。嘿，我们去参观古迹前，先把土耳其政治放一边去──

S: For Turkish coffee. Fine idea.

喝杯土耳其咖啡。好主意。

－by Howie Phung

Vocabulary

单词发音

pose [poz] v. 造成，引起

intolerance [ɪnˋtɑlərəns] n. 偏执，偏狭；无法忍受

forcefully [ˋfɔrsfəlɪ] adv. 激烈地; 强有力地

symbolic [sɪmˋbɑlɪk] adj. 象征的，象征性的

gesture [ˋdʒɛstʃɚ] n. 表示﹐姿态

biased [ˋbaɪəst] adj. 存有偏见的；偏见的

fundamentalist [͵fʌndəˋmɛnt!ɪst] n. 基本教义派分子

catch-22【俚】进退维谷; 互相抵触之规律或条件所造成的无法脱身的困窘

Sentence of the Day

Turkey has a foot in both camps.

土耳其与两方阵营都有关联。

a foot in both camps 两边都支持，脚踏两只船

TURKEY - ISTANBUL,TAKSIM SQUARE

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