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主题: 生理时钟知多少
生理时钟知多少
11 年 1 个月 前
#762
mike lee
离线
Intermediate English-2 /Health /Circadian Rhythms: Our Built-in Alarm Clocks
03-05
闹钟哔声大作,你摸索着寻找声音来源,然后猛然按下闹钟按钮,结束声响。这些扰人清梦的时钟是我们生活必需品,但大部分人不晓得的是,人脑已有内建的闹钟,也就是所谓的「生物日夜节律(生理时钟)」。这些节律对所有动物24小时内的睡眠和进食模式具有决定性的影响。
Circadian由拉丁文中表「全天候」之意的字衍生而来。生物日夜节律由视网膜底层的感光器所接收的光线量来控制。专司其职的神经接收光线的信号后,便告诉大脑该分泌出多少睡眠荷尔蒙-「褪黑激素」。这就是人们在夜晚光线最微弱时睡眠较佳的原因。但为什么有些人是「早起的鸟儿」,而有些却是「夜猫子」呢?
研究人员采样500名受试者的DNA样本,藉以判别他们是早起或晚睡型的人。研究员分离出一种具两种形式、名为Period 3的基因。该基因较短的人偏爱在夜间活动,而该基因较长的人则较喜爱在白天活动。由于越来越多人从事全天性的工作,因此得知哪些人在先天基因倾向上较适合夜班,是非常值得的。而「早起的鸟儿有虫吃」这句谚语也不尽然适用于每个人了。
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