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U.S. Recognizes Jerusalem as Israel`s Capital; Interview With a WWII Veteran on Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day; A Great Big Story on Ice Cream

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Seventy-six years ago, the date of December 7th would go down in world history. We`re exploring how and why in just a

couple of minutes on CNN 10.

First story, from the White House, a major announcement yesterday by U.S. President Donald Trump.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

DONALD TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: I have determined that it is time to officially recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.

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AZUZ: We explained why this decision is so significant in our Tuesday, December 5th show. You can find that in our archives at CNN10.com.

archive [ˋɑrkaɪv] n. 数据库; 档案; 档案保管处

The president said the world is no closer to a peace agreement between Israelis and Palestinians than it has been for more than two decades, as

previous U.S. leaders delayed recognizing Jerusalem as Israel`s capital. President Trump also said America remained committed to helping

Palestinians and Israelis achieve lasting peace.

The international reaction?

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu called the U.S. decision an important step toward peace, saying there`s no peace that doesn`t include

Jerusalem as Israel`s capital.

The Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas said Jerusalem is the eternal capital of the state of Palestine, and that America no longer had the right

to broker peace in the region.

As part of the recognition, President Trump ordered his administration to start the process of moving the U.S. embassy in Tel Aviv, Israel, to

Jerusalem. That could take years.

But several nations from the Middle East to North Africa to Europe are against it. Many believe the declaration and embassy move could make the

Middle East less stable. They say it`s a threat to peace. Some Palestinian groups have called for three days of rage, which could lead to

demonstrations of the area, and U.S. officials have made security warnings for places in Jerusalem.

President Trump said the final borders of the city would ultimately be up to Israelis and Palestinians. That`s something that seemed to be echoed by

the Czech Republic. It joined the U.S. yesterday in recognizing Jerusalem as Israel`s current capital but said it considers the city the future

capital for both Israel and the future state of Palestine.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ (voice-over): Ten-second trivia:

U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt described December 7th, 1941 as a date which will live in what?

Iniquity, atrocity, ignominy or infamy?

iniquity [ɪˋnɪkwətɪ] n. 不公正行为；恶劣行为；罪恶行径

atrocity [əˋtrɑsətɪ] n. 残暴的行为

ignominy [ˋɪgnə͵mɪnɪ] n. 耻辱

infamy [ˋɪnfəmɪ] n. 臭名昭著

"Infamy" was the word he used after the Japanese military launched the surprise attack on the U.S. naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

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(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Our great Pacific outpost in the Hawaiian Islands is ruthlessly bombed.

outpost [ˋaʊt͵post] n. 前哨基地;（设在国外的）军事基地

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: At the time, it was the deadliest attack ever carried out on U.S. soil. More than 2,300 Americans were killed, hundreds of U.S. airplanes

were destroyed. Eight battleships were either damaged or destroyed.

And on December 8th, the day of President Roosevelt`s famous speech, the U.S. declared war on Japan.

Today, Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day is dedicated to the tragic event, its victims and survivors. There aren`t many who are still alive. While "USA

Today" reports that an exact number isn`t known, the newspaper says only five crew members of the USS Arizona, a ship completely destroyed in the

attack, are still living.

Another survivor is retired Navy Lieutenant Jim Downing. He was aboard the USS West Virginia, a ship that sunk in shallow water. He`s now 104 years

old and believed to be the second oldest survivor of Pearl Harbor.

Last year, at age 103, he spoke to CNN about his experience.

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JAKE TAPPER, CNN ANCHOR: One of the survivors joins us now from Oahu, retired Navy Lieutenant Jim Downing.

Oahu [oˋɑhu] n. 欧胡岛（夏威夷群岛之主岛）

He served on USS West Virginia. He lost 106 of his shipmates that day.

Lieutenant Downing, first off, thank you for your service and thank you for being with us today.

What scene plays most vividly in your -- in your mind when you think about December 7th, 1941?

JIM DOWNING, RETIRED UNITED STATES NAVY LIEUTENANT: Well, as I look back, the strongest thing was surprise. There were no satellites in those days.

Radar was not yet accepted, so the first shock was surprise.

The first Japanese plane I saw was flying towards me, low and slow, and the pile of mag and machine gunner cut loose and the bullets went over my head

cut loose【口】(行动、说话等)自由, 无约束; 分开或摆脱束缚

and dug a trench behind me. So, surprise turned into fear.

And then, my fear turned into anger. Anger that the world letting Japan build up a big war machine. And also, angry at our own political and

military leaders for letting us getting caught like that.

So, those were the reactions that were triggered by the fact that I looked just a few hundred yards from here, at my battleship, had been my home for

10 years. It took nine torpedoes and beginning to take on water and then sink, and was on fire above the waterline.

torpedo [tɔrˋpido] n. 鱼雷；水雷

So, I was really aggrieved to see my home of 10 years sinking and on fire.

aggrieved [əˋgrivd] adj. 受委屈的，忿忿不平的

TAPPER: There are not a lot of people left who can share memories like the ones you`re sharing with us today. What`s it like being back in Hawaii

with your fellow veterans on this anniversary?

DOWNING: Well, I think the picture in our minds is really not the greatness of this island. It`s frozen in our minds, the destruction that

took place that morning. So, it`s good to meet old friends and talk to them, but somehow that image of the attack is frozen in our minds and that

kind of overrules everything else.

overrule [͵ovɚˋrul] v. 统治；支配；对……施加影响

TAPPER: Lieutenant, I cannot thank you enough for your service and your sacrifice. To you and all your fellow members of the greatest generation,

thank you for what you did, and thank you for spending some time with us today.

DOWNING: Well, I thank you for the privilege of talking with you.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Up next, Ice Cream 101: Introduction of frozen desserts. This is a real course at Penn State University, one in which I`d probably get a D for

delicious. The annual two-day class covers everything from the formula, to the processing of ice cream and its one appetizing great big story.

AZUZ: Look up in the sky. It`s a bird, it`s a plane. No, it`s a rainbow. In some spots, a double rainbow. Whoo, it`s almost a triple rainbow.

It recently arced over a city in Taiwan for almost nine hours. And regardless of whether that makes your heart leap up for Mr. Wordsworth, it

may just be a new Guinness World Record if it`s approved.

The current record holder for longest lasting rainbow only stuck around for six hours. The ray of light was just right. The optics were excellent and

the pictures have gotten great exposure all arc-round the world.

It`s great that so many people were able to f-staff (ph) what they were doing, take time to focus and IS-olate (ph) the subject to capture it

ROYGBIV-fore it was all gone.

I`m Carl Azuz with puns that make people shutter.

END 

quart [kwɔrt] n. 夸脱（英美容量或液量单位，= 2 品脱）; 英制中约为1.14升，美制中约为0.95升

But someone had to teach Ben and Jerry`s how to do it. It turns out that guy, he works at Penn State.

SUBTITLE: Getting schooled in ice cream.

REPORTER: This is Dr. Bob Robert, colon (ph).

OK, this is Dr. Bob Roberts. He teaches ice cream courses at Penn State.

DR. BOB ROBERTS, HEAD OF FOOD SCIENCE, PENN STATE: I do. I have two courses. Ice cream short course, and ice cream 101.

101:  adj. Informal elementary; basic

REPORTER: Side note: these are the type of books ice cream professors read.

side note 旁注

OK, back to the story.

ROBERTS: Part of the reason that ice cream is so good in the U.S. is that we`ve been teaching ice cream for 125 years.

REPORTER: And Bob, he`s been teaching at Penn State for 25 of those and he`s had some pretty famous students.

ROBERTS: Companies like Unilever, Nestle, Breyers, Ben and Jerry`s, you name the company, they sent people here.

REPORTER: That`s because the Penn State Creamery is on the forefront of ice cream technology.

ROBERTS: Ice cream is a formulated food. There is no naturally occurring ice cream. You have to put the ingredients together and process it to make

ice cream.

REPORTER: Bob and his department, they spend their time figuring out how to make ice cream even better.

ROBERTS: When we look at studying ice cream, we study ice cream from cow to the cone. So, we look at what happens on the farm, what happens with

the milk.

REPORTER: Wait, there`s a farm?

ROBERTS: We have a herd of about 250 or so milking Holsteins and, yes, they are on campus.

Holstein [ˋholstaɪn] / [ˋholstɪn] n. 好斯坦种乳牛（产于荷兰北部）

REPORTER: So, yes, he knows ice cream, but he says that he`s not an ice cream purist.

purist [ˋpjʊrɪst] n. 纯粹主义者；纯粹派艺术家

ROBERTS: I`m not sure what an ice cream purist is, but I wouldn`t eat frozen yogurt if I had the opportunity to ice cream.

REPORTER: Yes, well, that does make sense considering he is the authority on ice cream.

Bob, what`s your favorite flavor?

ROBERTS: Hmm, dulce de leche.

dulce de leche 焦糖牛奶酱; 是一种长得像炼乳  但是颜色是咖啡色~甜度跟炼乳很像但是却比炼乳香比炼乳天然~

REPORTER: Oh, yes.

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