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Russia Says It`s Tested a Hypersonic Missile; Saudi Arabian Women Anticipate Being Able to Drive; America`s Historic and Secretive "Ghost Army"

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Welcome to CNN 10, where we`re taking you everywhere from the Middle East to the Far East this Tuesday.

I`m Carl Azuz.

And our first story concerns a weapon that said to be hypersonic, meaning it would travel at several times the speed of sound. Russia`s defense

hypersonic [͵haɪpɚˋsɑnɪk] adj. 高超音速的（5倍音速以上）

ministry says it`s conducted a successful test of a hypersonic missile. A nation might want to want a weapon like that because in theory, it would

fly fast enough to get through missile defense systems, which are designed to shoot down incoming projectiles.

projectile [prəˋdʒɛktəl] n. 发射体；射弹（如子弹、炮弹等）

Russia says its hypersonic missile was launched from a fighter jet that it`s intended to hit targets on land and at sea and that the one it tested

hit a specific spot at a training ground. Russian President Vladimir Putin called the missile invincible and says his country has the greatest nuclear potential in the world.

invincible [ɪnˋvɪnsəb!] adj. 无敌的

But there is some skepticism about whether Russia really has a working hypersonic missile. A U.S. government official says there`s doubt that the

weapon President Putin described was even close to being operational. And that was echoed by U.S. Defense Secretary James Mattis.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

JAMES MATTIS, DEFENSE SECRETARY: And I would just tell you that I saw no change to the Russia military capability and each of these systems he`s

talking about that are still years away, I do not see them changing the military balance. They do not impact any need on our side for a change in our deterrent posture.
 

deterrent [dɪˋtɝrənt] adj. 威慑的；遏制的

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: International analysts say President Putin might be promoting his country`s military strength in order to portray himself as a strong leader

in Russia and abroad. Russia has a presidential election scheduled for March 18.

From Russia, we`re taking you to Saudi Arabia, a nation where this June, when it will be allowed to have drivers licenses. It`s a major change for

the absolute monarchy, whose legal system is based on Sharia or Islamic religious law. The government has strict controls over many aspects of

monarchy [ˋmɑnɚkɪ] n. 君主政治，君主政体

Sharia [ʃəˋriə] n. 伊斯兰教教法；回教教法

life there, from the economy to the nation`s broadcast media. So, the change had to come from the top.

Not all of the nation`s religious leaders support the change and the kingdom still has guardianship laws which require women to get permission

guardianship [ˋgɑrdɪən͵ʃɪp] n. 监护；保护；守护

from their husbands, fathers or other male relatives for many decisions in their lives. But they will not need that permission to drive a car.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

BECKY ANDERSON, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Saudi Arabia is the only place on the planet where women cannot drive a car. In June,

though, that will all be history, as women are set to hit the highway. The road to get here has been paved with decades of protests and petitions.

In 1990, 47 women took to the streets, forbidden from riding around Riyadh, they were soon arrested.

Riyadh [rɪˋjɑd] n. 利雅得（沙特阿拉伯城市）

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I love driving. I wish I can drive in the country, in our country.

ANDERSON: Her wish was not realized. The struggle went on. Women, thousands of them, flouted the authorities.

flout [flaʊt] v. 藐视；嘲笑；嘲弄

MANA AL-SHARIF, SAUDI ARABIAN ACTIVIST FOR WOMEN`S RIGHTS: The crime, driving while female.

ANDERSON: Fast forward to two 2011 and prominent activist and author, Manal al-Sharif, was jailed for nine days after she posted this clip of her

in the driver seat on YouTube.

AL-SHARIF: It`s a symbolic act of the women right, we want to be full citizens. I`m educated, I have a job and I should be able to -- I should

be trusted to drive my own car.

ANDERSON: And last September that trust was extended.

(on camera): An historic day for millions of women and their families here in Saudi Arabia.

(voice-over): The Royal decree issued by King Salman was celebrated by many in the uber conservative country.

decree [dɪˋkri] n. 法令，政令，命令；教令，赦令

uber- [ˈubɚ] prefix （用於名詞前）极度的，超级的，极好的，极成功的; really or very

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I can`t wait until June.

KHOLOUD ATTAR, SAUDI BUSINESSWOMAN: It feels great, actually, because we have been waiting for this for years.

ANDERSON (on camera): How do you feel?

ATTAR: I haven`t slept from excitement.

ANDERSON: I`ve spoken here who say that they appreciate that change is necessary. But they say things are going so quickly. It`s too fast. To

which you say what?

ATTAR: Which I agree it is going fast, but I appreciate it. I don`t think -- it`s like a Band-Aid. I think if you take it slow is going to hurt much

more longer and it will be hard for people to adopt. I think the fact that they realize that there is a realization that it is necessary to move fast

really helps the development. Because the whole world is going fast and the people who don`t take these fast steps are really left behind.

ANDERSON (voice-over): Something this man doesn`t want to happen in his country. Saudi Arabia`s young ambitious Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman

is credited with driving this forward. All part of the road ahead for Saudi Arabia, a multifaceted vision to bring the kingdom up to speed by

2030.

And with this change, women will no longer be passengers simply along for the ride.

Becky Anderson, CNN, Abu Dhabi.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Major changes also taking place in China. Its presidency used to be limited to a pair of back-to-back terms of five years each. Now, there is

back-to-back 连续的，一个接一个的

no limit. It`s a constitutional change that also applies to the country`s vice presidency. That means that President Xi Jinping and the person he

chooses as his V.P. could rule China for decades.

Another constitutional change has led to the creation of an all-powerful anticorruption agency that will have a level of power similar to China`s

supreme court. China is a communist county. Its main political party has no significant opposition. So, the vote to make these changes was mostly

symbolic.

It`s been criticized by some western analysts as a return to more oppressive, single person rule in China. The country`s government-controlled media calls that ignorant of China`s reality.

oppressive [əˋprɛsɪv] adj. 专制的

ignorant [ˋɪgnərənt] adj. 无知的，愚昧的

But the government has also clamped down on dissent across the Internet in China. People there say it`s removed any negative reactions to the constitutional changes and gone after keywords like emperor and disagree.

clamp down 强行限制; 取缔, 镇压

dissent [dɪˋsɛnt] n. 不同意，异议

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ (voice-over): Ten-second trivia:

Which of these conflicts occurred after "The War to End All Wars"?

World War II, U.S. Civil War, Napoleonic Wars, or War of 1812?

"The War to End All Wars" was another term for World War I and the only one of these conflicts that came after that was World War II.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: More than 16 million Americans served in the Second World War, between 1941 and 1945. And one particular unit of about 1,100 U.S. troops

had a unique mission to make it appear like there were thousands more.

Our next subject today is about the 23rd Headquarters Special Troops. They were also known as America`s "Ghost Army", but they weren`t known to the

public for decades, because like its missions themselves, the "Ghost Army" was kept secret.

In fact, its specialty involved keeping secrets and faking large scale military movements, with the goal of deceiving the German Army.

specialty [ˋspɛʃəltɪ] n. 专业；专长

AZUZ: Two words, penguin and selfie, "10 Out of 10".

An explorer named Eddie Gault recently left behind a camera at a penguin colony in Antarctica. So, an emperor penguin waddled over to have a look

waddle [ˋwɑd!] v.（鸭、鹅般地）摇摇摆摆地走

and it`s not long before a friend comes over to photobomb it. Well, why shouldn`t they get their close up? They`re already wearing tuxedos. And

photobomb [ˈfotobɑm] n. 制造照片炸弹（指插入别人照片中）

then as if they`re asked what they think about selfies in general? Nope, probably think those are for the birds.

Hey, at least they weren`t camera shy. Of course, they`d started march of the penguins, so they`ve already been on air if not in it. And who needs

to be king of Instagram when you`re already the emperor of Antarctica?

I`m Carl Azuz penguining all day for CNN 10.

END

UNIDENTIIFED MALE: We`ve tapped into their radios.

tap [tæp] v.（电话）搭线窃听..

UNIDENTIIFED MALE: We can confirm two divisions.

division [dɪˋvɪʒən] n.【军】师

UNIDENTIIFED MALE: Confirmed. We have an aerial visual.

UNIDENTIIFED MALE: Copy?

copy [ˋkɑpɪ] v. 複製 (摩斯电码操作员常常会要求对方回发一次刚才的讯息，以确定通讯无差错); Mostly used to acknowledge received information. [May also mean Repeat back to me the information I just gave you.]

UNIDENTIIFED MALE: Yes, yes, we can hear them moving in.

REPORTER: Only none of what the Germans thought they could see or hear was real.

During World War II, a secret division of the U.S.army, now known as the "Ghost Army", conducted over 20 tactical operations, which resulted in

saving tens of thousands of lives.

The mission? To trick the enemy into thinking that their unit of 1,000 men was actually two divisions of 30,000 men.

But the "Ghost Army" wasn`t made up of traditional soldiers. The majority were actors, designers, advertisers, and artists who had been recruited

from the top art and design schools around the country.

And this army of artists used their creativity for an infantry of illusion.

infantry [ˋɪnfəntrɪ] n. 步兵（部队）；步兵团

Engineers developed inflatable tanks which the artists would then paint. These tanks could condense down to fit into a portable bag and inflate on

inflatable [ɪnˋfletəb!] adj. 可充气的

demand, much like a bouncy castle.

bouncy castle 充气欢乐堡

Audio engineers used large speakers to play sound effects of tanks and marching soldiers, which had been pre-recorded at Fort Knox. This marching

Fort Knox 诺克斯堡

army could be heard from miles away.

Along with fake radio messages sent into the signals of the enemies, they would also send actors dressed as generals and officers into local towns to

spread false information and rumors.

It wasn`t until1996, when information about the "Ghost Army" was declassified that the world finally knew about these masters of misdirection, the unsung heroes of World War II.

misdirection [͵mɪsdɪˋrɛkʃən] n. 误导术

(END VIDEOTAPE)