EZCNN 易英网

overtourism: 热门景点或观光胜地因游客爆量而不能永续经营的现象

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Hi, I`m Carl Azuz and Friday`s are awesome. First time I`ve said that on air this decade and though I`d think I`d be

hilarious to just, like, end the show there, we`ve got a lot to tell you about this Friday on CNN 10. Not to mention a school to shout out later

and it all starts with events taking place in the Middle East. Between Iran and the United States military attacks and revenge attacks have

dominated the headlines over the past couple weeks but there`s another event under investigation in Iran and abroad. A plane crashed in the

Iranian capital of Tehran on Wednesday. It was a Ukrainian passenger jet headed from Iran to Ukraine and it went down shortly after take off.
 

Tehran [͵tɛhəˋrɑn] n. 德黑兰（伊朗首都）

All 176 people on board were killed. At first, Iranian and Ukrainian officials suggested that technical problems caused the crash but yesterday

Ukrainian authorities said they were also considering terrorism and a missile strike as possible causes. And U.S. officials said it appeared

Iran shot down the plane with two surface to air missiles. Why? Several sources including U.S. President Donald Trump and Canadian Prime Minister

Justin Trudeau say Iran could have done this by mistake. The plane crash happened within hours of Iran`s missile attack against two military bases

where U.S. troops were staying.

If Iran thought a revenge attack was coming, it might have mistaken the Ukrainian passenger jet as a threat and shot it down. To be clear, that`s

just one theory that observers have. Formal investigations are taking place and Iran denies shooting down the plane. It says the accusations are

part of physiological warfare against Iran. Meanwhile, tensions remain high in the Middle East between that country and America but historically

speaking that`s nothing new.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: There`s little love lost between Iran and the United States.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Well it is now Washington`s move on if Iran - -

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Relations between the two countries have been troubled for more than half a century but where did the conflict start. To

understand that we need to go back to the 1950s` and this man, Mohammad Mosaddegh. Mosaddegh became prime minister in 1951 was key in

nationalizing the country`s British controlled oil fields.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The British experts were granted a concession - -
 

concession [kənˋsɛʃən] n. 特许；特许权，专利权

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: As a result, the British enlisted the U.S. to get rid of him. In 1953 the CIA and MI6 backed a coup ousting Mosaddegh, restoring
 

enlist [ɪnˋlɪst] v.谋取……的赞助（或支持）；获得（支持，帮助等）

oust [aʊst] v. 把…赶下台; 推翻

instead Iran`s monarch the Shah. But the Shah became unpopular at home for his lavish spending, ostentatious lifestyle and the torture of dissidents.
 

shah [ʃɑ] n.（伊朗等国的）国王

ostentatious [͵ɑstɛnˋteʃəs] adj. 豪华的；铺张的；（人）炫耀的

dissident [ˋdɪsədənt] n. 持不同政见者

That all changed in 1979. The Islamic revolution ushered in change forcing the Shah to flee the country. The high ranking Shia (ph) religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini
 

Shia 什叶派；什叶派教徒

returned from exile in February to become Iran`s supreme leader.
 

exile [ˋɛksaɪl] n. 流放；流亡

Later that year amid death to America chants, Iranian students stormed the U.S. embassy in Tehran taking 90 people hostage including 66 Americans.
 

chant [tʃænt] n. 单调的语调

Ultimately all the hostages were released in a siege lasting 444 days but the damage was done. The U.S. designated Iran a state sponsor of terrorism

three years later. In the 1980s`, Iran and Iraq became embroiled in a war. The U.S. was officially neutral but in a bid to contain Iran started
 

embroil [ɪmˋbrɔɪl] v. 使卷入纠纷；使牵连

in a bid to 努力, 试图

backing Iraq and its leader Saddam Hussein. The move put the U.S. and Iran even further at odds.
 

at odds 不一致

The tension ratched up toward the end of the Iran-Iraq war. In 1988, the U.S. shot down an Iranian passenger plane over Iranian territorial waters
 

ratch [rætʃ] up 冲高；逐渐升高，步步提升

when it mistakenly identified it as a fighter jet. It killed all 290 people on board. When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, the U.S. and Iran

suddenly shared Saddam Hussein as a common enemy although it did little to improve relations. U.S. sanctions against Iran accelerated under the

Clinton Administration. In 2002 a year before the start of the Iraq War, President Bush included Iran in what he called the axis of evil.

PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH: States like these and their terrorist allies constitute an axis of evil.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Due to concerns Iran was trying to develop nuclear weapons to threaten the U.S.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. What alpine nation would you find the village of Hallstatt which is said to resemble Arendelle from Frozen? Italy, Austria,

Norway or Belgium. Only two of these countries are alpine and only Austria is home to Hallstatt.

It started with the work of writers and artists in the 1800s`. They were struck by the snow capped mountains and crystal waters that frame

Hallstatt. It was added to UNESCO`s World Heritage List in 1997. Instagram came along later and people started sharing scenes of the village

on social media and then after Frozen, well let`s put it this way. Hallstatt has a population of 780 people. In a given day, it`s reportedly

visited by as many as 10,000 people. This has created a blessing and a problem for the Austrian village. On one hand tourism dollars have become
 

blessing [ˋblɛsɪŋ] n. 幸事

a crucial part of Hallstatt`s economy. On the other, it`s been struggling with over tourism which has brought challenges for the small population and

its privacy.

Officials there are trying to implement a new bus system that will limit the number of busses and guests allowed in Hallstatt at any particular

time. Other places in Europe are also trying to limit overcrowding caused by over tourism. In Venice, Italy new hotels are banned and day trippers

tripper [ˋtrɪpɚ] n. 旅行者

are being charged to get inside the city. In Amsterdam, Netherlands there will be higher taxes for people who stay overnight and new limits on tours.

Taxes are also going up for visitors to Barcelona, Spain and efforts are underway there to encourage people to visit places outside of the city.

And there`s a new limit on the number of cruise ships allowed to dock in Dubrovnik, Croatia as well as a limit on new restaurants. While all this

is going on, part of the U.S. state of California is grappling with the question of whether the private ownership of a particular beach means the
 

grapple [ˋgræp!] v. 努力解决（问题等）

public is not allowed.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: If you`ve ever thought what would a cuttlefish do if you glued 3D glasses on it and then played 3D movies of its favorite prey, you were
 

cuttlefish [ˋkʌt!͵fɪʃ] n. 墨鱼；乌贼

thinking like researchers at the University of Minnesota. They used temporary glue and Velcro to study cuttlefish vision and the animals went after

Velcro [ˋvɛlkro] n. 魔鬼沾

go after 追逐

the screen like critics go after popcorn. Researchers say cuttlefish have better depth perception than people do. The work was published

in the journal Science Advances. Now you might be asking "aquat" were they thinking.

Of course fish have better depth perception. You don`t need to dive deep into research to see that fish in water see better than fish out of water.

And some might say it`s a new dimension of science that`s making waves but to others and the cuttlefish themselves, it`s just "seafood". I`m Carl

Azuz. This show goes out to Gull Lake High School in Richland, Michigan. Great hearing from you guys yesterday on our You Tube site. If you`re

watching from a school and you`re jealous of Gull Lake, click this link to get to our official You Tube page. Subscribe and comment on the latest

show and your school, city and state could be announced Monday on CNN 10. Have a great weekend ya`ll.

END