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CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: We know what it`s doing. We know where it`s spreading but where did COVID-19 come from? That`s the first thing we`re

looking for today on CNN 10 and we`re happy to have you along for the hunt. I`m Carl Azuz.

The first known cases of the new coronavirus appeared last December in Wuhan, China. It`s a city in the east central part of the country. At

first, scientists widely believed the outbreak started at a seafood animal market in Wuhan that someone came into contact with COVID-19 there and then

began spreading it to others. But now, researchers are divided on that explanation because some of the first people with the disease reportedly

hadn`t been to the market.

Since December, China says it`s had more than 82,000 cases of coronavirus. That more than 3,300 people have died from it and that more than 77,000

have recovered. But some international observers and health officials have suggested the numbers might be higher than that. They`ve accused the

Chinese government of not telling the whole truth when it comes to the number of cases and deaths from coronavirus.

Chinese government officials say they`ve given open, transparent and timely updates and they`ve accused nations like the United States of trying to

politicize the virus. Because there`s so much mystery about it, there are a number of conspiracy theories surrounding COVID-19. Beliefs that an

conspiracy [kənˋspɪrəsɪ] n. 阴谋

accident or even intentional action by humans led to the virus` spread. But some of the scientists who track down the origins of diseases say that`s

not what happened.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: CNN has spoken to a half dozen virus hunters who right now say anyone who claims they know the exact source of the novel

coronavirus is guessing. Did it come from bats? Most likely. Chinese researchers have already determined the coronavirus is 96 percent identical

at the whole genome level to a bat coronavirus. Twenty-seven public health scientists from across the U.S. and the world wrote this letter in the Journal Lancet condemning

lancet [ˋlænsɪt] n.【医】柳叶刀，刺血针

conspiracy theories and sighting scientific evidence, including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, that supports the

sight [saɪt] v. 看见，发现

theory that overwhelmingly conclude that this coronavirus originated in wildlife as have so many other emerging pathogens.

overwhelmingly [͵ovɚˋhwɛlmɪŋlɪ] adv. 压倒性地; 以压倒多数

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The common thread is wildlife. These pathogens emerge from wildlife.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: One of those scientists is one of the most preeminent virus hunters in the world Peter Daszak.

preeminent [priˋɛmɪnənt] adj. 卓越的；显著的

PETER DASZAK, PRESIDENT, ECOHEALTH ALLIANCE: Because we have been doing this work in China for ten years, we have a whole series of genetic sequences

of viruses we’ve found with our colleagues. So when they got a new virus in people because of COVID-19, they could compare it to what they`d seen in

bats. So they knew straight away, this is likely a bat origin virus.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: And because it has that 96 percent comparison rate to what was actually in a bat, that`s why you`re saying it`s very, very likely

this did come from a bat. Although we don`t know what this -- where this strain actually came from.

DASZAK: We`re very confident that the origin of COVID-19 is in bat. We just don`t know where exactly it originates. That`s what we need to do now.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: (Inaudible)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It is a genetic detective story. Researchers will trace the virus that is killing thousands to a yet to be captured bat in the wild

to a potential animal that became the crossover vehicle for COVID-19. Yes, the virus could have transferred directly from bat to human but most likely

crossover [ˋkrɔs͵ovɚ] n. 交叉；跨越

says Daszak, it was bats infecting farmed animals. The animals brought to market alive and kept with people in one of the most perfect incubators for

incubator [ˋɪnkjə͵betɚ] n. 细菌培养器

viral infection, the Chinese wet market. It`s called zooenotic spillover. Professor Andrew Cunningham with the Zoological Society of London has

zooenotic [zuəˈnɑtɪk] adj. 人畜共患病的; used to refer to a disease that can spread from animals to humans

spillover [ˋspɪl͵ovɚ] n. 外流; 溢出; 始料未及的结果

studied them for decades.

ANDREW CUNNINGHAM, PROFESSOR, ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON: Wet markets, these live animal markets are certainly a very good way of, if you like,

trying to get a virus to spill over into people from wildlife. They`re susceptible to getting viruses or other pathogens from the environment or

susceptible [səˋsɛptəb!] adj. 容易受…的影响

from other animals that they wouldn`t naturally come into close contact with again because there`s stress (ph). And then they can become virus

factories and they`re in close contact with human beings in the markets and they`re butchered in the markets and by people in relatively unhygienic conditions.

butcher [ˋbʊtʃɚ] v. 屠宰（牲口）

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Other researchers point to reports from China that some of the earliest cases were not associated with the wet market. Tensions

between the U.S. and China over the origins of the virus and accusations of misinformation from both sides are slowing the work of the virus hunters

who are grounded by the same travel restrictions that have crippled the world. That is concerning because without knowing where it came from, there

cripple [ˋkrɪp!] v. 使陷入瘫痪

is still a chance that original host species is spreading it.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. Which of these U.S. landmarks was completed last? Empire State Building, Alcatraz Island Prison, Hoover Dam, or Golden Gate Bridge.

These landmarks are in order from oldest to youngest. The Golden Gate Bridge was finished in 1937.

The U.S. Navy wanted it to be painted black and yellow so it would be visible. The Army Air Corps wanted red and white for the same reason but

the consulting architect of the Golden Gate Bridge liked the color of the primer used to coat the steel. So that`s the color he kept it. It was

primer [ˋprɪmɚ] n. 底漆

named international orange and the bridge is the next stop in our series of virtual vacations.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The Golden Gate Bridge gets its name because it spans what`s called the Golden Gate Straight. This is a three mile long and one

mile wide body of water that connects the Pacific Ocean to the San Francisco Bay. Before the Golden Gate Bridge there was a bustling ferry

bustling [ˋbʌs!ɪŋ] adj. 活跃的；奔忙的；忙乱的；熙攘的

system that ran people and commerce between San Francisco and the Redwood Empire to the north.

It`s actually unknown how many people worked on the Golden Gate Bridge at the time of construction because records were -- were scarce from that

time. Today we have close to 200 employees who work to maintain, to paint, to weld, to make sure that the bridge is in -- in good and safe operating

condition. So we`re right now getting sandblasting on the outer part of the bridge which is up underneath.

sandblast [ˋsænd͵blæst] n. 喷沙

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Right now we`re where the walkway is, where the pedestrians ride out the 330. So the cars are probably just about 15 feet

out. You can`t feel it but the bridge is probably moving, you know, like this as we`re standing.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: In a containment this, a rough estimate, 16 people sandblasting for a month and a half. Our painters will go out to the most

containment [kənˋtenmənt] n. 封锁

critical, you know, structural areas of the bridge where the fog and the salt and the wind has corroded the paint. The salt eats this bridge up. The

fog eats this bridge up. If we don`t continue to paint it, it`s just going to rot away. Right here is one of our foghorns. We`ll have two of them

rot [rɑt] v. 使破损；使腐朽[（+away/down）]

foghorn [ˋfɑg͵hɔrn] n.（在雾中警告船只的）雾角

down here, one over -- on the east side, one on the west side. We`ve always had foghorns here at the bridge since -- since it was built. Not much

changes in foghorns. They just make noise.

We tried automated systems. It just doesn`t -- doesn`t work so the -- the old standby system is actually visually seeing works the best because

standby [ˋstænd͵baɪ] adj. 备用的

seeing [ˋsiɪŋ] adj. 看见的

there`s people here 24/7. So as of July of 2018, the toll across the Golden Gate Bridge is $7.00 if you have a fast track it’s $8.00. If you don`t,

toll [tol] n.（路，桥等的）通行费

maybe you`re -- you`re from out of town and this supports most of the work that happens on a daily basis to maintain the bridge, to keep it looking

good and insure that it`s accessible for everyone.

accessible [ækˋsɛsəb!] adj. 可（或易）接近的；可（或易）进入的

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: For 10 out of 10, it`s not every day you get to use the word siphonophore. Then again it`s not everyday you get to see one that looks

siphonophore [saɪˋfɑnə͵fɔr] n. 管水母类动物

like giant circles of silly string This is a sea creature or really a whole colony of them. It was recently captured on camera curlycued in the Indian Ocean.

curlycue [ˋkɝlɪ͵kju] n. 卷曲花样

The Schmidt Ocean Institute says this could be the biggest siphonophore ever recorded with an outer ring that stretches 154 feet.

I`ve made a pun in a siphonophore, "siphon before". First I strung together three ocean puns like it was a "sight to sea", it "made waves" and then I

was able to "siphon" off four. They`re always fun to "string along" even if they`re a bit "silly". I guess whether or not you like ocean puns depends

on your "depth" perception.

I`m Carl Azuz. Mitchell District High School is in Mitchell, Ontario, Canada. You guys are awesome for subscribing to our YouTube channel. That`s

a wrap for CNN.

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