EZCNN 易英网

Lockdown is Lifted in Wuhan; Professional Sports Consider Getting Back in the Game; Explanation of Some Controversies Making Waves in the South China Sea

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Welcome everyone, I`m Carl Azuz for CNN 10. After more than two months, the lockdown has been lifted in the first

Chinese city to see corona virus cases. Is this something we can expect to happen in other places in the months ahead? Wuhan, China was where the

outbreak was first reported last December though there are indications it was spreading before that. The city of 11 million people was put on

lockdown on January 23rd, two and a half later on Wednesday Wuhan`s borders were reopened. People in good health could leave the city. Trains started

running. Flights resumed, though there are no direct routes to the Chinese capital Beijing. There are still some restrictions in place in Wuhan and

resume [rɪˋzjum] v. 重新开始

the corona virus threat isn`t over in China or elsewhere.

There are indications that some European countries are planning to follow China`s example in terms of when to lift their lockdowns and the timing of

that is tricky. It`s better for economies if restrictions are lifted but health officials say if that`s done too soon the virus could surge again

leading to more problems. The disease continues to spread and claim lives in the United States. Officials are hoping that after this week things

will start to get better with the number of deaths decreasing and the spread slowing down in some hard hit areas. But this doesn`t mean that

businesses and schools will reopen soon.

Companies are still laying off employees or suspending their hours and pay and a top U.S. health official says he`s optimistic that schools will be

open nationwide by the fall, though communities will have to be more proactive in identifying and isolating the virus. Before many schools

proactive [proˋæktɪv] adj.（人、政策、行为等）主动的；先发制人的

closed and shifted to online learning. Professional sporting events were cancelled across America. When might game clocks start ticking again?

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

TOM FOREMAN, CNN JOURNALIST: A computer helping call the balls and strikes to keep umpires at a distance. No consultations on the pitching mound.

ball [bɔl] n. 【棒】（投手投出的）坏球

strike [straɪk] n.【棒】挥棒落空；好球

Players not in crowded dugouts but spread out in the empty stands and every team, every game in Arizona. That`s how it may look if Major League

dugout [ˋdʌg͵aʊt] n.【棒】（赛场的）选手休息处

Baseball says play ball next month according to multiple reports. Baseball`s official stance remains unchanged.

stance [stæns] n. 立场；态度

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We`re going (ph) to resume playing when it`s safe for our fans, our players and the public for us to resume playing.

FOREMAN: The plan under discussion would attempt to create a safe zone with teams operating in isolation for months amid rigorous virus testing at

rigorous [ˋrɪgərəs] adj. 严格的；严厉的

their hotels, on buses, in stadiums, closed to all fans. Other pro sports are nibbling at resuming with similar plans to limit exposure but only tentatively.

nibble [ˋnɪb!] v. 小心谨慎地对待（或进攻）

tentatively [ˋtɛntətɪvlɪ] adv. 试验性地；暂时地

Basketball commissioner Adam Silver.

ADAM SILVER, NBA COMMISSIONER: At least for the month of April, we won`t be in a position to make any decisions. And I - - I don`t think that

necessarily means on May 1st we will be.

FOREMAN: Hockey`s Stanley Cup playoffs should have started this week. Instead ideas are being floated for returning to the ice maybe this summer

in North Dakota. Those seem barely more than rumors. The league is saying little. And the biggest game around, football, the NFL`s draft is this

month with teams planning virtual parties to celebrate. In a conference call to sports officials days ago, the president said he hopes the league

can kick off on time in September, but many state and local officials are questioning all this talk of sports coming back soon.

kick off [ˋkɪk͵ɔf] v.【足】开球

DR. ANTHONY FAUCI: That`s not something I anticipate happening in the next few months.

FOREMAN: With billions of dollars and thousands of jobs at stake, of course everybody would like to see sports up and running again. But for

at stake 在胜败关头, 冒风险

up and running 启动并运行

now, the teams and the towns that host them seem to be saying they will let health officials make that call. Tom Foreman, CNN, Bethesda, Maryland.

make the call 做出决定

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. What is the term for a part of the ocean that`s beyond a nation`s control? High seas, off-shore territory, contiguous zone

or limited enforcement zone. According to the United Nations Law of the Sea, the high seas are outside territorial claims.

high seas 公海

claim [klem] n.（对某事物的）权利

Last week a Vietnamese fishing boat was sunk in the South China Sea. It was sailing near a group of islands claimed by both Vietnam and China and

the two countries blame each other for sinking the boat who`s crew was rescued by the Chinese Coast Guard. The South China Sea is an important

part of the ocean. Since 2014, China has come under international scrutiny for building artificial islands there. It sees this body of water as its

scrutiny [ˋskrutnɪ] n. 监视，监督

territory. Other nations in the region and the United States say China`s claims are illegal.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The islands and reefs of the South China Sea are variously claimed by six different governments. That`s right, six. And sovereignty

sovereignty [ˋsɑvrɪntɪ] n. 统治权；主权

over these islands is significant because of something called the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea or UNCLOS. UNCLOS

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 联合国海洋法公约

states that every coastal nation has the rights within a 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone off its coastal waters. Ownership of the islands,

nautical mile 海里；1浬（合1.852公里）

therefore, dictates who has the rights to the resource-rich South China Sea. Who owns the seas has always been a difficult concept. In the 18th

dictate [ˋdɪktet] v. 命令，支配

century, Dutch Legal Theorist Cornelis van Bynkershoek stated that a nation owned the amount of sea could defend from the land.

theorist [ˋθɪə͵rɪst] n. 理论家

At the time, that was the distance of cannon fire around three nautical miles. The cannon shot rule is still used by several countries to this day

including Jordan and Singapore. In 1945, President Truman extended U.S. jurisdiction to the end of its continental shelf. The continuation of the

continental shelf 自海滨向海洋有一宽窄不等之海底台地，其接近大陆，海水较浅而比较平坦之区，称为大陆棚

land mass underwater until it drops down to the ocean floor. Then the U.S. built the world`s first off shore oil platform out of sight of land in the

Gulf of Mexico in 1947, 10 and a half miles off the Louisiana coast. That started a race to claim oceanic resources far beyond the cannon shot

distance from the shoreline. This lead to a lot of countries clashing over their perceived rights. For example, the UK and Iceland had no less than

clash [klæʃ] n. 发生冲突；不调和

three disputes known as "Cod Wars" over the fish in what are now Icelandic waters.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We will feel ourselves obliged to several diplomatic nations.

feel obliged to 感到有义务

oblige [əˋblaɪdʒ] v. 施恩于；答应……的请求

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: To mediate these disputes, UNCLOS was drawn up and came into force in 1994. It carved up maritime territory into four main

carve up 划分

sections, typically measured from the low water line on a nation`s shores. Within the territorial waters, a state can regulate use and has ownership

over any resources found within. Foreign states can sail through but they have to abide by the nation`s laws. Within the contiguous zone, a state

abide [əˋbaɪd] v. 遵守

contiguous [kənˋtɪgjʊəs] adj. 接触的；邻近的

can continue to enforce laws in four specific areas, customs, taxation, immigration and pollution. Within the EEZ, the state has the sole rights

taxation [tæksˋeʃən] n. 课税，征税

EEZ专属经济海域; exclusive economic zone

over natural resources but foreign states may sail through, lay underwater cables and even pass through for military reasons.

And on the continental shelf, a state has the rights to resources in the subsoil of the continental shelf but not the water column above if it is

subsoil [ˋsʌb͵sɔɪl] n. 下层土；底土

water column : a vertical section of water from the surface to the bottom of the sea

beyond the EEZ. Although 168 parties have ratified UNCLOS, it has far from resolved maritime territory disputes. For example, France went up against

ratify [ˋrætə͵faɪ] v.（正式）批准；认可

Canada outside the Gulf of Saint Lawrence over its overseas territory at Saint Pierre and Miquelon.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Their fight is with Canada - -

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Even sending in Navy frigate and seismic ship to test for oil in disputed waters before the two came to an agreement in 1992.

frigate [ˋfrɪgɪt] n. 驱逐舰；护卫舰

seismic [ˋsaɪzmɪk] ship 地震法探测地质船

And then there`s the South China Sea. Based on it`s claim over the Spratly Islands, China states its EEZ covers pretty much the whole of the South

Spratly Islands 南沙群岛

China Sea violating the EEZ`s of several countries. Despite the wording of UNCLOS, China believes it can control military activity in the EEZ too.

wording [ˋwɝdɪŋ] n. 措辞

Leading to numerous clashes with the U.S. which regularly holds frequent navigation patrols in the South China Sea. Leading to the question, if one

country can ignore UNCLOS, what`s stopping the rest?

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Pennsylvania is burying it`s graffiti highway once and for all. The three-quarter mile stretch of road has been closed since 1993 because the

coal that runs beneath it had been burning for decades. But after the road was covered with graffiti, it became an unofficial tourist attraction

despite being extremely dangerous. With crowds gathering there during the corona virus pandemic, the highways private owner decided to cover the

highway with dirt and the company doing that says it will probably be planted with trees and grass.

If covering it was a crime that will now be covered up. Officials have plenty of dirt on the vandals and while they`ve all hit road by now

cover [ˋkʌvɚ] v. 采访，报导

vandal [ˋvænd!] n.（文化、艺术等的）破坏者；破坏他人（或公共）财产者

 

thinking their "grafreeti". It`s still sad when art gets "buried and burned". It seems a low way for a highway to go. Before we go, shout out

to Lafayette High School in Lafayette, Louisiana. We`re grateful to have you watching. I`m Carl Azuz for CNN 10.

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resume [rɪˋzjum] v. 重新开始

proactive [proˋæktɪv] adj.（人、政策、行为等）主动的；先发制人的

ball [bɔl] n. 【棒】（投手投出的）坏球

strike [straɪk] n.【棒】挥棒落空；好球

dugout [ˋdʌg͵aʊt] n.【棒】（赛场的）选手休息处

stance [stæns] n. 立场；态度

rigorous [ˋrɪgərəs] adj. 严格的；严厉的

nibble [ˋnɪb!] v. 小心谨慎地对待（或进攻）

tentatively [ˋtɛntətɪvlɪ] adv. 试验性地；暂时地

kick off [ˋkɪk͵ɔf] v.【足】开球

at stake 在胜败关头, 冒风险

up and running 启动并运行

make the call 做出决定

high seas公海

claim [klem] n.（对某事物的）权利

scrutiny [ˋskrutnɪ] n. 监视，监督

sovereignty [ˋsɑvrɪntɪ] n. 统治权；主权

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 联合国海洋法公约

nautical mile 海里；1浬（合1.852公里）

dictate [ˋdɪktet] v. 命令，支配

theorist [ˋθɪə͵rɪst] n. 理论家

continental shelf 自海滨向海洋有一宽窄不等之海底台地，其接近大陆，海水较浅而比较平坦之区，称为大陆棚

clash [klæʃ] n. 发生冲突；不调和

feel obliged to 感到有义务

oblige [əˋblaɪdʒ] v. 施恩于；答应……的请求

carve up 划分

abide [əˋbaɪd] v. 遵守

contiguous [kənˋtɪgjʊəs] adj. 接触的；邻近的

taxation [tæksˋeʃən] n. 课税，征税

EEZ 专属经济海域; exclusive economic zone

subsoil [ˋsʌb͵sɔɪl] n. 下层土；底土

water column : a vertical section of water from the surface to the bottom of the sea

ratify [ˋrætə͵faɪ] v.（正式）批准；认可

frigate [ˋfrɪgɪt] n. 驱逐舰；护卫舰

seismic [ˋsaɪzmɪk] ship 地震法探测地质船

Spratly Islands 南沙群岛

wording [ˋwɝdɪŋ] n. 措辞

cover [ˋkʌvɚ] v. 采访，报导

vandal [ˋvænd!] n.（文化、艺术等的）破坏者；破坏他人（或公共）财产者