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Global Tensions Over an International Nuclear Deal; Eruption of A Famous Volcano; Proliferation of Rats; Gourmet Desserts.

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: We`re only a day away from Friday. Awesome and we`re delivering a brand new edition of CNN 10. I`m Carl Azuz, happy to

have you with us. International tensions over an international nuclear deal are our first subject today. The Middle Eastern country of Iran has a

nuclear program that other countries want to stop.

Iran has said its nuclear research is for peaceful purposes like electricity. The United States and several other countries around the world

don`t think that`s the truth. They`re concerned Iran is using its technology to try to build a nuclear weapon. Over the years, there`ve been

a number of efforts to pressure the Middle Eastern country to stop its nuclear program.

The United States imposed sanctions, penalties on Iran`s economy to try to get the country to change course but in 2015, the U.S. led six other
 

penalty [ˋpɛn!tɪ] n. 处罚；刑罚

nations in a controversial agreement with Iran. These countries removed their economic sanctions allowing tens of billions of dollars to flow into

Iran and in exchange that country agreed to limit its nuclear program for 15 years and allow international inspectors to verify it was living up to
 

verify [ˋvɛrə͵faɪ] v. 核对，查实；查清

its promise. At the time, the U.S. government was led by President Barack Obama. His administration said the deal was the best way to prevent Iran

from building nuclear weapons.

Critics called it a bad deal saying it didn`t go far enough because Iran would eventually build them anyway. One of those critics was America`s next

president Donald Trump. He announced in 2018 that the U.S. was leaving the agreement and reinstating it`s economic penalties on Iran. At first, the
 

reinstate [͵riɪnˋstet] v. 使复原；使恢复

Middle Eastern country said it would honor its commitment to the deal with the five other nations involved but in recent years, Iran has not been
 

honor [ˋɑnɚ] v. 承兑，支付；允准；实践

doing that and it said this week it would no longer cooperate with certain inspections of its nuclear facilities.

However, Iran also suggested its decision could be changed if the United States once again removes it`s sanctions on the Middle Eastern country.

Analysts say this is all meant to put pressure on the Biden Administration. President Joe Biden, who was vice-president under Barack Obama, wants to

restart negotiations with Iran and while the U.S. and Iran have both said it`s up to the other country to make the first move. The Biden

Administration suggested last week that it is open to holding talks with Iran even before any changes are made.

10 Second Trivia. What is the only active volcano on the European mainland? Mt. Merapi, Mt. Elbrus, Mt. Etna, or Mt. Vesuvius. The world`s active and
 

Vesuvius [vəˋsuvɪəs] n. 维苏威火山（意大利西南部火山）

mainland are key here and the only one is Italy`s Mt. Vesuvius.

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AZUZ: Some of the unusual side effects of the corona virus pandemic and the lockdowns related to it include the infamous toilet paper shortages of
 

infamous [ˋɪnfəməs] adj. 声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的

2020. There`s been a worldwide bike shortage with demand through the roof after gyms closed and people looked to get outside for exercise. In the
 

through the roof 飞涨, 激增

animal kingdom, when Yosemite National Park closed last year. Bears were cited walking down a road that was usually packed with tourists in their cars.
 

cite [saɪt] v. 引述

Without people on the beach in Thailand and Florida, larger numbers of sea turtles were spotted. Foxes on a boardwalk in Toronto, Canada, lions taking a catnap

catnap [ˋkætnæp] n. 打瞌睡；假寐

on a South African road, the list goes on and on and unfortunately in the capital of the United Kingdom it includes a proliferation of rats
 

proliferation [prə͵lɪfəˋreʃən] n.【生】增殖；激增

and they`re not just in the historic parts of London.

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UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: There in the parks, up the pipes and heading toward the kitchen in the EU. Old town London has become a boomtown for the
 

boomtown [ˋbum͵taʊn] n.【美】新兴都市

capital`s rats. Left unchecked in shuttered shops and restaurants over the winter and now making their way out of the inner city and into the suburbs.
 

shuttered [ˋʃʌtɚd] adj. 有百叶窗的；由活动遮板遮起来的

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Look at this rat trying to get into the house.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: According to the British Pest Control Association, rodent sightings increased 51 percent during the first lockdown and 78

percent thereafter. Prompting fears the UK capital could soon become famous for the super rats that once blighted Paris and New York.
 

blight [blaɪt] v. 破坏，摧残

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Underneath that there’ll be a (inaudible).

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Like a hole.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Like a hole.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: To let water out.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Exactly. It screwed up as people get lazy. They won`t do it. (Inaudible).
 

screw [skru] v. 使振作；鼓舞[（+up）]

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: To avoid that, the city needs prevention like this. It`s just before daybreak on the banks of the river Thames and former
 

daybreak [ˋde͵brek] n. 黎明，破晓

Thames [tɛmz] n.（伦敦）泰晤士河

soldier Michael Coates (ph) is patrolling the refuse site looking for the telltale signs.
 

refuse [ˋrɛfjus] n. 废物；垃圾；渣滓

telltale [ˋtɛl͵tel] adj. 泄露秘密的；能说明问题的；遮掩不了的（证据物等）

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: What you can also find, especially in heavy populations of rats. They`ll start gnawing and this plastic is really easy for rats to gnaw.
 

gnaw [nɔ] n. 啃，嚙[（+at/into/on）]

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Fewer people on the streets has made rats more conspicuous. Do you ever see rats?
 

conspicuous [kənˋspɪkjʊəs] adj. 明显的，易看见的；显著的；引人注目的

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I`ve seen one. Only a little one.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Rats and pigeons and everything. Yes.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: So you think there`s probably something in that.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: There`d be definitely something here. Yes. Definitely.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: And more abundant waste from lockdowned homes have lured them to backyards.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We`re certainly seeing now a spike in -- in rats migrating back into people`s gardens. Beginning of last year, we got a
 

spike [spaɪk] n. 猛增; a sharp rise followed by a sharp decline in a graph or in the tracing of a scientific instrument

really bad case in someone`s garden. She was an elderly lady and she`d seen a few rats. And by the time we got there, there was maybe 10 or 15 rats and

it becomes really a big issue.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Rats have always been a part of London life but nobody really knows how many there are in the capital. That`s because

usually they are pretty elusive. They do however outnumber the human population and they multiply really fast. Just one pair of breeding rats can give rise
 

elusive [ɪˋlusɪv] adj. 难以抓住的; 难以找到的

to 1,250 in one year. As their population swells, rats themselves are getting bigger and harder to catch. Some are immuned to poison. Others have

figured out how to avoid traps. Exterminator Paul Claydon (ph) has never been so busy.
 

exterminator [ɪkˋstɝmə͵netɚ] n. 灭害虫的人

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I -- I would say probably call-outs have increased around about 50 percent for me.
 

call-out 应召出工

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Do you think that when London eventually reopens, they`re going to realize that they`ve got one big rat problem?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I think that`s right and I think a lot of commercial businesses have been empty for so long. I think when they start going back

to these properties and certainly businesses that haven`t got pest control contracts in -- in -- involved, they might find themselves going to have a

big surprise.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: The mayor`s office doesn`t have a rodent plan and many local government don`t offer free pest control either. Meaning

businesses and homeowners are often left to their own devices to deal with their new post-pandemic neighbors. Enido Santos (ph), CNN, London.

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AZUZ: It can be said that desserts like the meals that processed them have different levels of culinary constitution. You have your basics like
 

constitution [͵kɑnstəˋtjuʃən] n. 组成（方式）

cookies, cupcakes, ice cream and then you`ve got your gourmet goodies like tiramisu, apple crumble and Oreo ice cream pie. Now we`re not saying any
 

goody [ˋgʊdɪ] n.【口】好吃的东西，糖果；吸引人的东西

tiramisu [͵tɪrəmiˋsu] n. 提拉米苏（一种意大利的著名甜点）

apple crumble 烤苹果奶酥/ 苹果金宝

crumble [ˋkrʌmb!] n. 酥皮水果布丁

one of these is better than any other, but some pastry chefs in Denver are blending the basics with the gourmet and the result is high interest if not low calories.

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UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It was really a challenge at first trying to figure out how we were going to turn a cookie that`s already made into an ingredient

for another dessert. Felt like I was kind of on one of those cooking competitions where it`s like, OK, here`s your cookie now go.

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AZUZ: It might drive health nuts "nuts" and people who "pentagonal" avoid sweets. They might find just the sight of all that pure "torte" ure but for

others getting from "gourmet to b" is a most. They`re not putting up with anything they can`t "cobbler" up. They "relish" "eclair" choice when it

comes to their just desserts. To pick something "flan-tastic" and that takes the "cake". Shout out today goes out to Coral Reef High School. Our

viewers watching in Richmond Heights, Florida for CNN 10, I`m Carl Azuz.

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