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Iceland Shaken By Thousands of Earthquakes; Mars Rocket Prototype Explodes After Landing; A U.S. State Considers Ignoring Time Changes

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: I`m Carl Azuz. Welcome to CNN 10. It`s the first Friday, awesome, in March and we are spending part of it in the land of

fire and ice. The European nation of Iceland is called that because it`s home to both volcanoes and glaciers and meteorologists say they are signs

that a volcanic eruption is brewing.

Southwestern Iceland has seen 17,000 earthquakes over the past week according to the Icelandic Meteorological Office. Sound like a lot? It is a

lot. One resident told CNN that it`s very unusual to feel the Earth shake 24 hours a day for a whole week. The largest of these tremors had a

magnitude of 5.6. That`s considered a moderate quake depending on how deep it is.

There have been some small cracks in the roads and rock falls where the ground is steeper but aside from that not a lot of damage has been

reported. The tremor seemed to calm down from Wednesday to Thursday but a government official doesn`t think the seismic activity is over. And while
 

seismic [ˋsaɪzmɪk] adj. 地震的；因地震而引起的

scientists don`t know exactly what`s caused this swarm of quakes, a University of Iceland volcanology professor thinks they might be because
 

swarm [swɔrm] n.（密集的）一大群，一大批

volcanology [͵vɑlkənˋɑlədʒɪ] n. 火山学

there`s been a quote "intrusion of magma into the Earth`s crust in southwest Iceland."
 

intrusion [ɪnˋtruʒən] n.【地】侵入；侵入(岩浆)

magma [ˋmægmə] n.【地】岩浆

crust [krʌst] n. 地壳

This is where several volcanoes are located and it`s especially concerning because 2/3 of the country`s population lives in the southwestern part of

the island. University computer models predict that if there`s an eruption, the resulting lava flows probably won`t impact any nearby towns or the

region`s international airport but again, that`s only based on models. All this has triggered a range of reactions from people there from anxiety to

excitement and cameras have been put on standby to live stream an eruption should one take place.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Number one. An earthquake occurs when two blocks of the Earth slip past each other. Now for most of the time, those blocks are

together with friction but they are building up energy because they are moving in different directions.

When one block decides to slip, all of a sudden that energy is released by seismic waves, kind of like ripples on a pond, creating the earthquake.

Number two. An earthquake can occur very near the surface of the Earth. Those earthquakes are typically very destructive or as deep as 400 miles

down into the crust. Now where the shaking actually happens, that`s called the hypocenter.
 

hypocenter [͵haɪpoˋsɛntɚ] n.（核子爆炸等之）震源

But directly above it on the surface, that`s called the epicenter. Number three. The power of an earthquake is called magnitude. Now the intensity of

the shaking can vary depending on the geography, topography or even the depth of the quake. Now the USGS says there are 500,000 detectable quakes
 

topography [təˋpɑgrəfɪ] n. 地形，地貌

every year. One-hundred thousand can be felt and 100 will create damage.

Number four. Earthquakes themselves actually don`t kill that many people. It`s the natural and manmade structures that fall to the ground during the

shaking that injuries occur. Number five. The majority of all earthquakes and volcanoes happen along plate boundaries. The largest is the Pacific

plate and its series of boundaries all along the Pacific Ocean known as the "Ring of Fire".
 

Ring of Fire 环太平洋火山带

(END VIDEO CLIP)

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Oh god. It just blew up. It just blew up. It just blew up. What? (Inaudible).

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Three, two, one, ignition. Abort.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. What historic figure proposed an alternative English alphabet in 1779? Johannes Gutenberg, Benjamin Franklin, Maria Montessori, or Anne Sullivan.

This was Ben Franklin`s idea and while it didn`t take off another one he had about time changes did.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: So why do we change the clocks ahead one hour in the spring and back one hour in the fall? Well it`s actually to reduce the

electricity consumption by extending the daylight hours. In the U.S., we change our clocks at 2 a.m. on the 2nd Sunday in March. That begins

daylight saving time. That`s when we spring ahead. On the first Sunday in November, we change our clocks at 2 a.m. again. That`s actually just going

back to standard time. Believe it or not this started with an idea from Benjamin Franklin.

Franklin did write an essay suggesting that people could use less candles if they got up early and made better use of daylight. In 1918, the Standard Time Act

established time zones and daylight saving time but not all states participate. To this day, most of Arizona and all of Hawaii do not change

their clocks. Over 70 countries across the world observe daylight saving time with notable exceptions of China and Japan. In 2007, we actually
 

observe [əbˋzɝv] v. 遵守，奉行

changed the day of when we set our clocks back an hour to the first week in November.

This helped protect trick o` treaters by giving them an extra hour of daylight. One of the other lines of thinking was it would have a better

voter turnout on election years. Experts say each time you change your clocks, it`s always a good idea to change those batteries in your smoke

detector and always look forward to fall when you get that extra hour of sleep.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Unless, as you just heard, you live in Arizona, Hawaii or possibly Georgia. The state Senate there just passed a bill that would end its observance
 

observance [əbˋzɝvəns] n. 遵守，奉行

of time changes. Now it`s up to Georgia`s House of Representatives and it`s governor to decide if and when Georgia will do this.

Those who want to end the time changes say they`re bad for our health. That they disrupt our sleep cycles and cause a number of other health problems.

Those who want to keep the time changes support the later daylight hours in the summer and say that falling back in autumn keeps the time of sunrise

closer to the time when people wake up.

A couple other states have grappled with proposals concerning seasonal time changes but even among those who want to eliminate them, there`s still a
 

grapple [ˋgræp!] v. 努力解决（问题等）

debate over when to do it. Does their state stay on standard time year around? Or does it up for daylight saving time year around? That`s what

Georgia`s government is trying to determine right now and as far as the future of all of this goes, well only time will tell.

While we`re on the subject of time, if you want to have a lot of it. Doctors say staying active is key. It improves your balance and brain help.

It helps ward off diseases. A crossing guard in South Carolina has found a way to follow this advice and keep working well into her 90s`.
 

ward [wɔrd] v. 避开；挡开；避免[（+off）]

crossing guard 过路警卫; 交通指挥员

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: In the middle. I let them out. Then I stop this traffic and I stop this and let the school traffic out. Simple.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: At the young age of 94, just six years short of a century.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: You say everybody listens to you.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: They listen.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Nobody pushing you over because you`re 94?

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: No.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Mrs. Stella Williams (ph) starts and ends every day right here in the center lane of the 28 bypass. Just outside Westside High

School.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: It`s good. I enjoy doing it.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: At the reins of controlling the people at the wheel, this all started as a temporary gig.
 

rein [ren] n.驾驭，控制，统治

gig [gɪg] n.【口】（爵士乐、摇滚乐等）演奏，公演; a job

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: My son-in-law, he was policeman there and he needed somebody and he asked me if I`d help him a few days.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: That few days was 25 years ago. She`s been stop sign in hand since.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Oh yes. Oh yes. I don`t let somebody stay too long. I try to keep it going.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: No signs of slowing down.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Easy. Stop the car. Tell the children to come up.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: And no signs of aging.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Yeah people can’t say. And the people --

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: She`s not planning on leaving that center lane any time soon.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Maybe I`ll give it another year or so. Just treat everybody right. That`s my motto.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Will she ever "stop and go" do something else? Why "cross that bridge"? She`s keeping things in "motion", minding her "bussness", helping

people "cross" while never being "cross". All in all, she`s doing a "guard" job one step at a time of helping people from all "walks of life" stay off

the "street".

I`m Carl Azuz and Friday`s are "Austin"? They are at Austin High School. It`s located in the town of Austin, Indiana. Thank you for subscribing and

commenting on our You Tube channel. We hope everyone watching has a great weekend ahead from all of us here at CNN.

END