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U.S. University Requires COVID-19 Vaccinations For Students; Deadly Flash Floods Strike Middle Tennessee; CNN Hero Helps Children In Nigeria

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Hi, I`m Carl Azuz for CNN 10. This Fall Rutgers University says it will require its students to be vaccinated against

COVID-19. Can it legally do that? That is the question that leads off today`s show. Rutgers is based in the state of New Jersey.
 

lead off 开始；(从...)发端

It`s a large school. It has three main campuses and enrolls more than 70,000 students in all and it`s one of the first American universities to

announce that most of those students will need a corona virus vaccine come Fall semester. There are exceptions to this rule.

Rutgers says students can request an exemption, permission to attend without getting the vaccine, for religious or medical reasons and the rule
 

exemption [ɪgˋzɛmpʃən] n.（义务等的）免除

won`t apply at all to students who attend online without actually setting foot on Rutgers campuses.

But the rest of those who do will have to show proof they`ve been vaccinated. At this point Rutgers faculty is not required to get the
 

faculty [ˋfæk!tɪ] n.【主美】（大学或院，系的）全体教职员

vaccines though they are strongly encouraged to do so. Everyone on campus still has to participate in Rutgers COVID testing programs and everyone is

still required to wear masks and keep their distance from one another on campus.

The university says the decisions are in support of its commitment to health and safety for all members of its community but it is a change from

earlier this year when a senior chancellor said that in line with Rutgers stance on protecting human liberties, the vaccine was not mandatory. Most
 

chancellor [ˋtʃænsəlɚ] n.【美】（某些大学的）校长

in line with 符合

colleges require students to have certain vaccines before they can attend classes.

What`s different about the corona virus vaccines is that they haven`t been formally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The three

vaccines that Americans can get are authorized for emergency use and the FDA says people have to be informed that they may either accept or refuse

the drugs.

That`s where experts say it`s not clear if Rutgers or any organization can legally require people to be vaccinated. Some say that people`s choice

whether or not to get a vaccine needs to be protected. Others say that courts will probably side with employers or states that require the vaccine
 

side [saɪd] v. 同意，支持；偏袒

but that it`s been argued in the past that the drugs are still experimental and should not be required.

So there`s a lot of uncertainty about the future of corona virus vaccine requirements on or off campus. Parts of middle Tennessee are struggling to
 

Tennessee [͵tɛnəˋsi] n. 美国田纳西州

recover from deadly flash flooding that started last weekend. Severe storms that rolled over the state on Saturday triggered a flash flood emergency.
 

flash flood 骤发的洪水，暴洪

Some places got five to nine inches of rain. That`s more than Tennessee usually gets in the entire month of March. The forecast calls for another

inch to an inch and a half of rain tomorrow.

That`s normally no big deal according to the National Weather Service but because the state is so waterlogged now, the additional precipitation could
 

waterlogged [ˋwɔtɚ͵lɑgd] adj.（土地等）水浸的，水涝的

precipitation [prɪ͵sɪpɪˋteʃən] n. 降雨（雪）量

further swell rivers, set a new record for rainfall and trigger additional flash flooding.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: In the U.S. flash floods kill more people than tornadoes, hurricanes or lightening. A flash flood creates a rush of moving

water that can sweep a grown man off his feet, a car off the road and even your entire home off its foundation.
 

grown man 成人

When the ground becomes so saturated that water can no longer seep into the soil, it begins to run off quickly into rivers and streams and this causes
 

run off 使流走

a rise in water in a flash. Densely populated areas have an extremely high risk of flash flooding with the additional concrete and less grassy areas

for the water to soak into the soil and they can see flash flooding very quickly.

In mountainous terrain, the combination of gravity plus the easy runoff can lead to catastrophic flooding when all of that water is funneled into
 

runoff [ˋrʌn͵ɔf] n. 径流

rivers, creeks and even the valleys. Remember flash flooding can happen in a blink of an eye that`s why it`s important to stay alert and pay attention

in case a flash flood watch or warning is issued for your area.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. In terms of land area, what is the largest country in Africa? Nigeria, Algeria, Democratic Republic of Congo, or Sudan.
 

Algeria [ælˋdʒɪrɪə] n. 阿尔及利亚

Algeria is the largest county in area but it`s mostly desert. Nigeria has Africa`s largest population.

Almost 220 million people live in Nigeria and the nation has the largest economy in Africa. But the CIA estimates that 70 percent of Nigerians live

in poverty and their country also struggles with corruption, crime and terrorism. Boko Haram is based there.

It`s one of the largest terrorist groups in Africa. Since its uprising in 2009, the Nigerian military and its allies have made progress against the

Islamic militants but Boko Haram has kidnapped, displaced or orphaned hundreds of children and a CNN Hero has a heart for helping them.
 

displace [dɪsˋples] v. 迫使（人）离开

orphan [ˋɔrfən] v. 使成孤儿

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

ZANNAH MUSTAPHA: Morning. Morning. Morning. My name is Zannah Mustapha. I`m the Director for the Future Prowess Islamic Foundation. We started with 36 orphans, but
 

Prowess [ˋpraʊɪs] n. 英勇；无畏；非凡的能力

currently, we have over 860 of them. Good Morning. We don`t mind where you hail from, what’s your religion, what`s your ethnicity. So gender does not matter.
 

hail [hel] v.（不用被动式）来自[（+from）]

ethnicity [ɛθˋnɪsɪtɪ] n. 种族地位；种族特点；种族渊源

You find that two third of the population in this school are girls.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: From me being an orphan I feel I have lost something from a normal girl child to an orphan. But as I step into Future Prowess, all other things

have been provided.

MUSTAPHA: If you can be the leaders of tomorrow, you have to start showing leadership examples now. We give the sort of psychosocial support to these students.

How do you heal –the rivalry? How do we come in together? And that is where we accept the diversities of others.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: There are kids from military background and then civilians. Some of them are from the Boko Haram background. All of us have a different idea from what our

parents have.

MUSTAPHA: There is much counseling. There`s much play. We also giving them uniform.. books. We have professors.. coming here to teach various courses.

We`re eating rice and beans everyday. Most of the students comes to school empty. They have not eaten anything. And then we are giving them some

nutritional support and food.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: OK. Who can read for me? What is it?

MUSTAPHA: We have 2013 students currently enrolled in the Future Prowess Islamic Foundation. ….

It is unique. It bring harmonious working relationship between all strata of the society. It is located in the riverbank.. where we have our own fish farm, greenhouse.

stratum [ˋstretəm] n. 社会阶层(名詞複數 strata)

This is a lemon and you can see it has started fruiting. And then the irrigation. We have about six hectares of

farmland to get a sort of livelihood.

(INAUDIBLE)

MUSTAPHA: Despite the unpleasant experiences.. they went through. How are you? If they see me, they welcome me with a smile. They see themselves as being friends, brothers, sisters. They all call

me Allah. I am a peace builder. I am aiming to achieve peace at the end. We are in a community where every segment of the society is being ravaged.

What keeps me going is the resilience of these children. Whenever I see their faces it gives me hope. It keeps my dream alive.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Well, this is something new. An artist creates a portrait of a humanoid robot. After that, the robot paints its own interpretation of the
 

humanoid [ˋhjumənɔɪd] adj. 像人的

portrait. Then the robot`s painting along with a 12-second video clip of the robot doing the painting goes up for auction and finally a human pays

more than $688,000 for it.

The video clip was offered as a non-fungible token. A new way to prove you own a digital artwork even if it`s widely shared. Now some of you`ve got to
 

fungible [ˋfʌndʒəb!] adj. 可取代的

token [ˋtokən] n. 象征；纪念品

be thinking, you`ve "giggotta" be kidding me.

Why (inaudible) go to the trouble of paying your hard "Monet" to "okey" some "bizarre" digital token that anyone else could "Goya" download with

"Mateeth". I guess if you`ve got the "Shagall" to take the "Veloz" guess work out of who it`s true "Claypur" is.

You can "Countal" yourself it`s one and only "Michaelangelowner". Marlborough, Massachusetts is our last stop today. We want to roar at the "Panthers" of

Marlboro High School. I`m Carl Azuz for CNN.

END