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U.S. Military Officials Testify Before Congress; Wax Palm Trees Stretch Toward Sky In Colombia; Drone Sailboats Deployed To Help Study Hurricanes.

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Hi, my name is Carl Azuz and my game is objective explanations of world news. Thank you for taking 10 minutes to

watch today. For the first time since America`s troubled withdraw from Afghanistan, top U.S. military officials testified before Congress on
 

troubled [ˋtrʌb!d] adj. 动乱的；混乱的

Tuesday. A big reason why this is so significant is that lawmakers from both major political parties have criticized the Biden Administration for

how the withdraw was carried out. In April, U.S. President Joe Biden ordered American`s military to leave Afghanistan where U.S. troops had

served since 2001. It was America`s longest running war. The White House said unstable conditions in Afghanistan could have kept American troops

there indefinitely and the president said in terms of money and manpower, it no longer made sense.

His original deadline to complete the withdraw was September 11th. That was moved up to August 31st, but as that date approached, Afghanistan`s

government and military collapsed and the nation`s former rulers the Taliban took control of the country in a matter of weeks. On Tuesday, the

leader of U.S. Central Command said he`d been afraid something like that would happen. So, he advised President Biden against pulling all U.S.

forces out. He joined other military leaders in recommending that 2,500 of American troops stay in Afghanistan, but in an interview with ABC News in

August, President Biden said he couldn`t recall anyone saying that. Yesterday afternoon, the White House said leaving troops in Afghanistan

passed August 31st would have escalated a conflict with the Taliban.

U.S. lawmakers have criticized the Biden Administration for completing the withdraw while American citizens were still in Afghanistan, and for not

saying for sure how many Americans are there. U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said, efforts are still going on to evacuate Americans though he

said that was now the job of the State Department not the military. Secretary Austin was also asked about long-range missions. On August 29th,

the U.S. carried out a drone strike that was intended to kill a terrorist but instead killed 10 Afghan civilians. The military called that a

horrible mistake and the defense secretary said Tuesday, it`s difficult but still possible to carry out successful long-range missions without U.S.

troops on the ground. The Taliban, meanwhile, say the U.S. breaks international law when it flies drones into Afghanistan airspace. That

group`s swift takeover in the face of the failure of Afghans Army took military officials by surprise according to Secretary Austin. What does it

mean for Afghanistan?

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: So, we`re now inside the green zone. This is the area where all diplomats, international organizations were based and it`s

so eerie driving through. It`s now completely empty except for Taliban guards. So just up here, these are the gates to the U.S. embassy here in

Kabul, and the Taliban guards are telling that nobody has been in here since the U.S. left this embassy just days after the Taliban took power.

So, you can see through here. This appears to be, sort of, the first layer of security to get into the embassy, and now it`s just completely

abandoned. So essentially as you saw there that green zone is basically completely abandoned. That`s part of the reason it`s difficult for the

U.S. to go about evacuating the roughly 100 Americans who remain on the ground because there is no embassy. There is no American footprint here.

I will say on the streets of Kabul, things feel a little bit calmer. You do see women on the streets. You see fewer Taliban on the streets, but

make no mistake, there are some very troubling signs that the Taliban have not changed their true colors. Women are not part of the transitional

government here. Women are not allowed to go to school, girls, after 6th grade, and so on and so forth. So even though traffic might be flowing in

Kabul, and I might be wearing a slightly looser headscarf, there is still a very high level of fear here on the ground that things are going to take an ominous turn.

ominous [ˋɑmɪnəs] adj. 不祥的，不吉的

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. What is the longest mountain chain in the world? Himalayas, Alps, Andes or Rockies. Stretching 5,500 miles down South

America, the Andes Mountain chain is the world`s longest.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

MARIA JOSE SANIN, BOTANIST: When you think of palms, I`m sure most people think of beaches. Wax palms like cooler environments. They develop and
 

wax palm 蜡棕

evolve tightly with mountain evolution. So, in part, we owe having wax palms to the evolution of the northern Andes Mountain chain. Many
 

owe [o] v. 应该把……归功于

different landowners are protecting palms and the different areas where they grow, but for the general public which is anyone being able to

experience a cloud forest, these enormous wax palms that completely alter the slope silhouette is a fascinating view.
 

silhouette [͵sɪlʊˋɛt] n. 剪影；轮廓

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Out in the Atlantic, Hurricane Sam is thundering over the sea. It`s currently a powerful Category 4 storm. Officials aren`t sure where Sam`s
 

thunder [ˋθʌndɚ] v. 轰隆隆地移动

going to go. They don`t think it will threaten the continental United States, but the island of Bermuda could be in its path. Those storms can

form outside of hurricane season that officially runs through November 30th. This year has been an active one with 19 named storms so far, but it

hasn`t been as active as last year`s record-breaking season. Understanding hurricanes, predicting how they`ll strengthen and where they`ll turn is an

ongoing challenge for scientists, but new tools are constantly being developed including the drone sailboats you`re about to see. Getting data

from them reportedly costs $2,500 per drone, per day, but that could still be cheaper than a plane or a boat with a human crew.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

MAYOR LATOYA CANTRELL, MAYOR OF NEW ORLEANS: This storm in no way will be weakening. Time is not on our side.

RACHEL CRANE, CNN SCIENCE AND INNOVATION CORRESPONDENT: Hurricane Ida grew from a Category 1 to a Category 4 hurricane in less than a day. This

effect known as rapid intensification, means emergency planners little time to react.
 

intensification [ɪn͵tɛnsəfəˋkeʃən] n. 增强，强化

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Your window of time is closing.

CRANE: To help make better forecasts, the company Saildrone believes its autonomous research vessels are up to the challenge of finding out what
 

up to: able to do or deal with

conditions cause storms to intensify so quickly.

RICHARD JENKINS, CEO SAILDRONE COMPANY: Going to try and send it to the eye of a hurricane where no one`s ever managed to get before.

CRANE: Traditionally, scientists capture hurricane data by flying planes directly through them, dropping probes into the sky along the way. But in

order to completely understand a storm, scientists say more data needs to be collected from the surface of the ocean.

JENKINS: What drives a hurricane`s strength is the transfer of heat and moisture from the ocean to the atmosphere. We don`t quite understand the

dynamics of how that works.

CRANE: In order to find out, Saildrone deployed five ships into the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean. Areas where lots of hurricanes develop are

likely to hit land. They`re powered by the sun and wind, can stay out at sea for months at a time and are built to take a beating.
 

take a beating 挨打；受打击; be damaged or hurt

JENKINS: It`s really designed to get hit by a wave, tumble, submerge then come back up and carry on sailing.

CRANE: And I see a camera up top.

JENKINS: This hurricane mission is key to understand the spray, the foam on the water. So, we`re hoping that we can see with the camera, what the

water looks like.

CRANE: The drone`s sensors and cameras can send data and images in real time back to Saildrone headquarters.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: These are measurements of wind, temperature, humidity, right at that interface level that may help the modelers understand the
 

modeler [ˋmɑd!ɚ] n. 制造模型者

fundamentals of hurricanes better. That`s never been done before.

CRANE: And more accurate models could allow emergency planners to give better direction to residents back on land.

JENKINS: We`re hoping to get a really precise measurement. It really drives our intelligence that predicts the future strength of hurricanes and

enable people to make preparations or move out of the way with ample time.
 

ample [ˋæmp!] adj. 大量的，丰富的，充裕的；足够的

CRANE: Rachel Crane, CNN.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: With winter on the way, most red squirrels are hiding the walnuts they collect in pits around their neighborhood. One squirrel however is
 

squirrel [ˋskwɝəl] n. 松鼠

storing his collection in a Chevy Avalanche. It belongs to a man named Bill Fisher who lives in North Dakota, in just a few days Bill removed 42

gallons of black walnuts from the truck and there are some he can hear but cannot remove. Bill says the squirrel was planning to do some "car

camping" over the winter.

Guess there are worst places to "squirrel" something away. But if the "AM" general idea as the "Sierra" turns colder, is to have a "land cruiser"

where you can "Taculm" an acorn or "F-150" of them. Why not pick up a "power wagon" so you can "Cheverolet" up a few tokens of your "harvester"

so you can store them by the "truckload". These puns are "nuts" ya`ll. And we`re going nuts for Everett Area High School. Shout out to our

viewers watching from Everett, Pennsylvania. They subscribed and left a comment on our You Tube channel, and you should too. I`m Carl Azuz for

CNN.

END