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America Approaches Its Two-Year Anniversary Of COVID Shutdowns; Ukrainian Students Reconnect Through Virtual Learning; The History Of Daylight Savings Time.

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Hi. I`m Carl Azuz. Welcome to a new show, a new week and for many of us, a new civil time.

Speaking of time, it has been two years since America started shutting down because of the coronavirus pandemic. In fact, it was on March 16, 2020 that

the U.S. government announced a two-week plan to try to slow the spread of the disease. The shutdowns and stay-at-home orders that followed stretched

for more than a month, but the disease itself continued to spread in waves in different times of the years afterward and at different levels of

severity.

COVID-19 was first identified in China in late 2019. By March of 2020, the World Health Organization had officially declared the disease a pandemic,

meaning it had spread around the world. And even though that was still early days, the effects were rippling widely and quickly.

Here`s a clip that CNN 10 aired on March 13, 2020.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP, MARCH 13, 2020)

AZUZ: The U.S. Capitol is now closed to visitors. The Metropolitan Museum of Art is closed. The National Basketball League has suspended all of its

games. The National Hockey League announced the same thing yesterday. Major League Baseball has suspended spring training. March Madness has been
 

March Madness: a college basketball tournament

canceled. Disneyland is closed.

Around the world, there have been cancellations and closures like these, sometimes including countries borders. And international stock markets have

seen dramatic swings and losses.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Back and forth messages and mandates on masks, jobs lost and many regained, vaccines developed faster than any others in history, outbreaks

and immunity, working from home and on the front lines, remote learning, controversies and consequences, supply chain disruptions and soaring

inflation -- the ripple effects of the pandemic continue to impact our lives today, even though the number of new COVID cases is either holding

steady or falling in almost every U.S. state.

Health experts don`t know if another dangerous variant, another version of COVID is on the horizon. The omicron mutation that hit the U.S. late last

year was less severe and deadly than previous waves of the disease, even though it was more contagious.

Some doctors have suggested this might have signaled that the disease was turning a corner, that COVID-19 was becoming something milder like the cold
 

turn a corner 好转；渡过难关; to begin to find success or improvement after a particularly difficult or troubling period

or the flu that people live with. Time will tell if that`s what`s happening. People and nations are hopeful it is, and COVID restrictions are

being lifted in countries around the world.

By the end of this month, Hawaii will be the only U.S. state that still requires students to wear masks in class. That`s been one controversial

restriction of the COVID pandemic, just like the remote learning that became widespread when schools shut down. Differences in access, parents

needed at home, lower test scores, impacts on students mental health -- these were some of the criticisms of distance learning, but it did allow

students and teachers to still see and communicate with each other throughout the pandemic. And that`s one thing that`s currently helping

Ukrainian teachers and students with their nation at war.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

IVAN WATSON, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): An all too familiar scene of parents that lived through the COVID pandemic.

Children fidgeting through a Zoom class about the solar system. The difference here, most of these Ukrainian school kids are refugees,
 

fidget [ˋfɪdʒɪt] v. 坐立不安；烦躁；玩弄

reconnecting with their classmates and teacher online.

In the last two weeks, the students and their teacher fled to different countries to escape Russia`s invasion of Ukraine.

How old are your students?

NADIA PAVLENKO, TEACHER WHO FLED UKRAINE: Seven, eight.

WATSON: From Poland, Nadia Pavlenko teaches her students online classes even though her school stopped paying her salary.

None of us know what happened next, she says, but these classes with my children are like a bridge to my past life in Ukraine. They help us feel

connected.

Wartime distance learning, there`s a lot of this going on right now.

Do you think the online classes are helping these kids?

ALEXANDER PARCALAB, TEACHER WHO FLED UKRAINE: Very much. It`s helping them and mental health to feel their routine that life is still going on, that

it`s not the end of the world.

WATSON: Alexander Parcalab is a schoolteacher who fled the Ukrainian city of Odessa to neighboring Moldova. In the morning, he teaches students from
 

schoolteacher [ˋskul͵titʃɚ] n. 教师

his Ukrainian school online.

PARCALAB: Children asked me if I`m safe, where I am, with who I am. They were asking me before me was asking them.

WATSON: In the afternoon he comes here, a makeshift school for Ukrainian children in the Moldovan capital.

Half of his online students fled across borders, the other half are still in Ukraine.

PARCALAB: The first lesson in Zoom, I said, that you should be that this first domino, to help somebody, maybe your mother need help, maybe mother`s
 

domino [ˋdɑmə͵no] n. 骨牌

friends need help and this is what can I do. I cannot change the world but I can change me and change like the mood of my mother and it will be like a domino.

WATSON: These girls say they`re looking forward to starting online classes with their Ukrainian classmates on Monday.

Leana (ph) says she wants to find out where her classmates traveled to and to make sure that they`re healthy right now.

Eight-year-old Timor Zhdanov (ph) and his father Artem stayed behind in Ukraine.

Were you surprised when Timor`s teachers said, hey, we`re going to continue online learning?

ARTEM ZHDANOV, SON CONTINUES REMOTE LEARNING IN UKRAINE: Honestly, yeah. I think they`re feeling this strong connection with Ukraine and then want to

support us as much as they can and also a new generation of Ukrainian people.

WATSON: A new generation that may grow up in exile relying on technology to stay connected to their homeland.
 

exile [ˋɛkzaɪl] n. 流亡；离开本国，离乡背井

(END VIDEOTAPE)

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ (voice-over): Ten-second trivia:

The Calder Act of 1928 was another name for what?

Daylight-Saving Time Act, Time Zone Establishment Act, Standard Time Act, or Hour Back and Forward Act?

The law named for Senator William Calder established all of these things but it was named the Standard Time Act.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: It`s time to save daylight y`all. I always notice a lot more negative news coverage of the time change in the spring when we lose an

hour of sleep than in the fall when we get it back. Why does this tradition persist more than a hundred years after it began?

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

JENNIFER GRAY, AMS METEOROLOGIST: So why do we change the clocks ahead one hour in the spring and back one hour in the fall?

Well, it`s actually to reduce the electricity consumption by extending the daylight hours.

SUBTITLE: Why do we change our clocks?

GRAY: In the U.S., we change our clocks at 2:00 a.m. on the second Sunday in March. That begins Daylight Saving Time, that`s when we spring ahead.
 

Daylight Saving Time 夏令时间（美国及加拿大英语：daylight time），又称日光节约时间

On the first Sunday in November, we change our clock at 2:00 a.m. again, that`s actually just going back to Standard Time.

Believe it or not, this started with an idea from Benjamin Franklin. Franklin did write an essay suggesting that people could use less candles

if they got up early and made better use of daylight.

In 1918, the Standard Time Act established time zones, and Daylight Saving Time. But not all states participate. To this day, most of Arizona and all

of Hawaii do not change their clocks.

Over 70 countries across the world observe Daylight Saving Time, with notable exceptions of China and Japan.
 

observe [əbˋzɝv] v. 遵守，奉行

In 2007, we actually change the date of when we set our clocks back an hour to the first week in November. This helped protect trick-or-treaters by

giving them an extra hour of daylight.

One of the other lines of thinking was that we would have a better voter turnout on election years.

Experts say each time you change your clocks, it`s always a good idea to change those batteries in your smoke detector and always look forward to

fall when you get that extra hour of sleep.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: In 1914, the Anglo-Irish explorer Ernest Shackleton did not succeed in his expedition across Antarctica. His ship, the HMS Endurance, became

trapped in and later crushed by the ice. Though Shackleton and all of his crew survived after a nearly two-year ordeal their ship was lost until now.
 

ordeal [ɔrˋdiəl] n. 严峻考验；苦难，折磨

Modern day explorers just announced her discovery almost two miles deep near Antarctica`s northern coast. The Endurance is incredibly well

preserved in the frigid waters. Her name visible and legible, her wheel looking like it did in 1914, and she`ll be photographed, mapped and studied
 

legible [ˋlɛdʒəb!] adj.（字迹等）清楚的，易读的；易辨认的

but not moved from her final resting place.

(MUSIC)

AZUZ: Sticking with the nautical theme, a Minnesota couple who love lighthouses decided to build their own in the middle of Minnesota. So no

water anywhere around except for a small lake, but the view of the woods is said to be amazing.

It took them two years to build this. It has six floors, bedrooms, bathrooms, a crow`s nest that`s 50 feet high, and while it won`t save any

ships, it is available for rent at about 300 bucks a night.

A good place to stay guests say is an oasis, a sight to see on a landlubber`s basis, a delightful house illuminating renters` faces a bright
 

landlubber [ˋlænd͵lʌbɚ] n. 不懂航海之人；蹩脚水手

nautical light and some unlikely places. Sailors may prefer the beach but in others` cases, if you want something different for a change of paces,

just sail through the woods with wakes of snow on your wassies (ph) as you take the maritime to navigate from the right races. I mean, why not?

I`m Carl Azuz.

Schalick High School gets today`s shout out. Hello to you our viewers in Pittsgrove, New Jersey. And thank you for your comment and your request on

our YouTube Channel.

END