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Counseling on Campus 到学校看心理医生

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Colleges respond as more students seek help for problems small or serious  愈来愈多学生因为大大小小的问题求助，而大学校方也提供心理咨商来响应学生的需求

Mental health counselors at La Salle University were feeling overwhelmed, their appointment books packed with students in need of help, seemingly more so than ever.

拉塞尔大学心理健康咨商师们对近来大量涌入的咨商个案感到应接不暇，约诊簿上满是上门求助的学生名字，求助件数似乎比过去高出很多。

Counseling director Suzanne Boyll recently ran numbers and confirmed her suspicion. They were busier. The number of counseling sessions had spiked 48 percent to 204, up from 137 the same time last year, a jump not solely explained by the school’s record freshman enrollment.

咨商主任苏珊．波尔最近计算了一下件数，而证实了她先前的怀疑。咨商师们的确更忙碌了，因为咨商个案已经从去年同期的一百三十七件，跃升到如今的两百零四件，增高了百分之四十八，而且即使该校新生注册人数创下最高纪录，也无法完全解释咨商个案之所以增多的原因。

“There are trauma related problems, death of a family member, bad news about a class, other family stresses, boyfriend/girlfriend issues, conflict with a roommate,” said Boyll.

波尔指出，「原因包括心理创伤相关问题、家人死亡、某门课的坏消息、来自家庭的压力、男朋友或女朋友的问题，以及和室友发生冲突等等。」

Counseling centers at many schools in the region and nationally note the same trend: more students seeking help for routine and severe problems.

当地和全美各地很多学校的咨商中心都注意到相同的趋势：那就是有更多学生为了常见的普通问题或更严重的问题前来寻求协助。

Shedding the stigma  不再被贴标（译注：直译为消除烙印）

A report by Pennsylvania State University’s Center for the Study of Collegiate Mental Health found that one in four students who showed up at a sampling of college counseling centers last fall had seriously considered suicide. One-third had previously taken psychiatric drugs.

宾州州立大学的大学心理健康研究中心所发布的报告指出，去年秋季在该研究采样的各大学咨商中心里，每四名前来求助的学生中，就有一位曾认真考虑过要自杀；此外，有三分之一的学生之前服用过精神病药物。

The influx comes as advances in psychiatric drugs allow more students with serious mental problems to attend college.

原来咨商个案大量涌入的原因是，由于精神病药物的日新月异，使得更多患有严重心理疾病的学生如今都得以进入大学就读。

Students also find less stigma in seeking help; they routinely see commercials for psychiatric drugs on TV and billboards, experts say.

专家表示，现在学生也发现求助于咨商不会再被贴上不好的卷标，因为如今电视和广告牌上看到精神病药物的广告，已经相当稀松平常了。

“These kids want to be in therapy today,” said Ian Birky, counseling and psychological director at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. “They’re growing up in a little bit of a different culture.”

「这些孩子们如今希望能接受治疗，」宾州柏勒汉的里海大学咨商心理主任伊安．柏客透露，「他们如今成长在和从前不一样的文化中。」

Add to that the stresses of a bad economy, uncertain environmental conditions, and more “hyper parents” who haven’t allowed their children to develop their own coping skills, counselors say.

据咨商师表示，除此之外，经济不景气的压力、环境的不确定因素，以及愈来愈多望子成龙的「过度管教型父母」（译注：父母过度规划子女的生活，例如补习课程排得满档等等），根本不让儿女有机会培养出自己处理问题的技能。

“If you have a parent who is so hyper-concerned that they ‘rescue’ them, you don’t allow them the time that they need to sort of struggle,” said La Salle’s Boyll. “They’re really cheating their child out of their ability to learn to manage their own stress.”

「如果有父母过度关切子女，以致于随时都想要『拯救』儿女的话，就等于不容许子女有自己努力奋斗的机会了，」拉塞尔大学的波尔表示，「这样做的父母简直等于以不正当手段夺走了子女学习自行纾压的能力。」

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counselor [ˋkaʊns!ɚ] n.（协助学生解决问题的）指导老师; 顾问

overwhelm [͵ovɚˋhwɛlm] v. 使受不了；使不知所措

session [ˋsɛʃən] n.（授课活动等的）时间

enrollment [ɪnˋrolmənt] n. 招收, 入学, 入伍

trauma [ˋtrɔmə] n.（感情等方面的）创伤

stigma [ˋstɪgmə] n. 耻辱，污名

collegiate [kəˋlidʒɪɪt] adj. 大学(生)的

sampling [ˋsæmplɪŋ] n.【统】抽样

psychiatric [͵saɪkɪˋætrɪk] adj. 精神病学的   of or relating to the study of mental illness

hyper parents 过度管教孩子生活的父母

coping skill 应对技能; 心理康复策略

sort of 有几分; 近似; 有那么点儿  to some (great or small) extent

cheat someone out of something 骗取某人某物 to get something from someone by deception. This means parents deprive child of their ability to learn to manage their own stress by inappropriate ways.

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Also contributing to the rise in demand is the better job that counseling centers are doing of advertising their services and making students feel welcome, no matter the severity of their problem.

咨商需求大增的另一个原因是，如今咨商中心更善于营销推广所提供的服务，使学生无论问题的严重程度如何，都能感觉自己备受接纳。

“We say you don’t have to be sick to come,” said William Alexander, counseling and psychological director at the University of Pennsylvania.

「我们会告诉学生，不一定非得真的生病了才能来寻求咨商，」宾州大学咨商与心理主任威廉．亚历山大指出。

Some schools have taken the unusual step of adding specific fees to help cover burgeoning costs. A year ago, Emory University in Atlanta tacked onto bills for all students a $50 fee for mental health and counseling. The reason wasn’t only to bring in more revenue for counseling. The university also wanted to reduce the stigma, said Mark McLeod, director of student counseling for the 12,000-student school.

有些学校则采取了罕见的措施，开始增收特定名目的费用，以弥补迅速增长的咨商相关支出。亚特兰大埃默里大学的学生咨商主任马克．麦雷德透露，该校在一年前开始加收每位学生五十美元的心理健康和咨商费用，理由并不只是为了想藉由咨商来增加收入，而是因为校方同时也希望能把心理咨商去污名化。埃默里大学共有一万两千名学生。

“Our board of trustees wanted to say ….. it’s OK to talk about this,” he said.

「学校董事会希望藉由加收费用来传达的讯息是…学生可以大大方方地谈论咨商的问题，」他如此表示。

Importance of intervention  校方介入的重要

Some schools are creating committees with liaisons from academic, mental health, campus security and other areas to coordinate help for those with severe problems.

有些学校开始成立委员会，增加学者、心理卫生、校园安全和其他领域相互联系，多方共同合作来帮助那些有严重问题的学生。

Mark Salzer, an associate professor in psychiatry at Penn, has found that some college counseling centers still don’t know what students with psychiatric disorders need to be successful.

宾州大学精神病学副教授马克．萨责发现，有些大学的咨商中心其实并不清楚那些罹患精神失调症的学生究竟需要哪些帮助才能在学业上突飞猛进。

“Pills and therapy are great things, but those aren’t the only …. things,” he said. “They need contacts who will help them with academic accommodations, check to see if they’re going to class and doing homework, and encourage them to stay in treatment.”

「药丸和治疗当然很棒，但这些并不是唯一…需要的东西，」他指出，「有咨商需求的学生还需要有联系人，好帮助他们要求校方提供一些方便的调适，或是不时察看他们有没有按时去上课和做作业，并鼓励他们持续接受治疗，不要中断。」

Students getting involved  学生的参与投入

Alison Malmon at Penn started a nonprofit, Active Minds, to help reduce the stigma and increase discussion on campuses about students who need mental health help. There are more than 200 chapters at campuses nationwide.

宾州大学的艾莉森．麦门创办非营利组织「活跃心灵」的主因，就是为了要促使咨商去污名化，也希望能促进校园里有关求助心理咨商的学生的相关讨论。该组织目前已经在全美各大学校设有两百多个分会。

“I looked at the lack of dialogue that was going on on my campus,” said Malmon, 28. “Students need to be brought into it more. They are the ones who can make an impact with their friends.”

「我在自己就读学校里，就注意到缺乏针对相关议题的对话，」二十八岁麦门表示，「必须要促使学生更投入相关议题的讨论，因为学生能进一步和朋友相互交流，进而发挥更大的影响力。」

−by Susan Snyder

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tack something onto something 加上; 附添 to add something onto something

trustee [trʌsˋti] n.（学校、社团等的）理事会理事，董事

academic [͵ækəˋdɛmɪk] n. 高校科研人员; 学者

coordinate [koˋɔrdnɪt] v. 协调，调节，使调和

chapter [ˋtʃæptɚ] n.【美】（俱乐部、协会等的）支部，分会

go on 开始运作; 发生, 进展, (活动或工作)进行 to take place; happen

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spike [spaɪk] v.  (价格、数量的)突然上升，剧增 to increase sharply

solely [ˋsollɪ] adv. 完全地; 单独地 only and not involving anything else

influx [ˋɪnflʌks] n. 大量涌入 the arrival of a large number of people or things at the same time

severity [səˋvɛrətɪ] n. 严重 seriousness

burgeoning [ˋbɝdʒənɪŋ] adj. 增长迅速的，发展很快的 growing or developing quickly

intervention [͵ɪntɚˋvɛnʃən] n. 干涉; 介入 the act of becoming involved intentionally in a difficult situation in order to change it or improve it, or prevent it from getting worse

liaison [lɪˋezɑn] n.【军】联络；联系 communication between groups and the beneficial relationship that this creates

accommodation [ə͵kɑməˋdeʃən] n. 适应；调节  the process of giving someone what is needed; adjustmentfordifferentsituation,circumstances