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Keeping a Balance on the Blood Sugar See-Saw 血糖跷跷板

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If you thought blood sugar levels were something that only people with diabetes had to worry about, think again. ___1___ Blood sugar level refers to the amount of glucose in the blood, which is usually lowest in the morning and highest after a meal. Excessive blood sugar is a common problem, and it can damage vital organs, nerves, and blood vessels. It may also be associated with abnormal blood fats and increase the risk of heart disease and cancer. ___2___

如果你认为只有患有糖尿病的人需要担心血糖指数的话，你得再想想看了，每个人都必须注意自己的血糖指数，因为无论是太高或太低都可能导致健康的严重风险。血糖指数指的是血液中葡萄糖的含量，一般而言在早上时最低，用餐之后最高。血糖过高是个普遍的问题，它可能损害重要器官、神经以及血管。它也可能与血脂肪异常有关，增加罹患心脏疾病以及癌症的风险。而低血糖则会使人易怒、注意力不集中、记忆力减退甚至导致脑部伤害。

One obvious cause of high blood sugar levels is a sugar-heavy diet. However, some people have metabolic conditions that interfere with the utilization of glucose, the relevant component of sugar and an important energy source for the cells in our bodies. ___3___ Sustained high blood sugar damages arteries with insufficient brain blood flow and causes possible stroke.

造成血糖一个明显的原因是重糖的饮食习惯。然而，有些人的代谢状况可能会干扰葡萄糖的运用。葡萄糖也就是糖体的相关成分，同时也是人体细胞中重要的能量来源。干扰运用的意思是，葡萄糖只停留在人体血流中，并未到达像心脏之类的器官。持续的高血糖会造成脑血流不足，伤害人体的动脉，也会导致中风的可能。

___4___ Sugar foods and refined starchy foods like white bread and pastries tend to increase blood sugar levels, while lean meat, beans, nuts, apples, and whole grains minimize the blood glucose response to food. Nutritionists recommend two servings of fruit and five servings of vegetables per day to avoid high blood sugar levels. ___5___ By eating sensibly and consulting with a doctor when necessary, there’s no reason you can’t keep your sugar level and your health in check.

好消息是许多血糖的问题是可以被控制的，只要能清楚知道该食用何种食物以及需摄取多少的量。多糖食物和精致淀粉类食物（如白面包与糕点）往往会提高血糖指数，而食用瘦肉、豆类、坚果、苹果以及全麦食品则可以降低血糖指数。若是要避免高血糖，营养学家建议一天可以食用两份水果加上五份蔬菜。当你的血糖指数在早晨降到最低时，一顿健康的早餐可以给予适度的提升，让你一直到中餐前都能保持警觉、维持活力。有了理智的饮食习惯，在必要时咨询医师，你一定能有效地控制血糖指数与健康。

−by Barry Hall, reviewed & edited by Dr. Mark Wahlqvist

(A)   Based on the fact the longer the blood sugar remains out of control, the shorter your life, diabetics live 10 years less than non-diabetics.

(B)   Everybody should keep an eye on their blood sugar levels, since having it too high or too low can lead to serious health risks.

(C)   This means that the glucose stays in their bloodstream rather than reaching organs like the heart.

(D)  The good news is that many blood sugar problems can be controlled by knowing what kinds and how much food to consume.

(E)   Low blood sugar can cause irritability, loss of consciousness, memory loss, and brain damage.

(F)    When your blood sugar level is at its lowest in the mornings, a healthy breakfast will give it an acceptable boost and keep you alert and energetic until lunch.

Vocabulary

单词发音

refer to 意指

excessive [ɪkˋsɛsɪv] adj. 过度的; 过多的

obvious [ˋɑbvɪəs] adj. 明显的

utilization [͵jut!əˋzeʃən] n. 利用；使用

component [kəmˋponənt] n. 成分; 组成部分

insufficient [͵ɪnsəˋfɪʃənt] adj. 不充分的，不足的

tend to 倾向, 易于

consult [kənˋsʌlt] v. 请教

keep an eye on 注意

lead to 导致...后果

risk [rɪsk] n. 危险，风险

consume [kənˋsjum] v. 消耗

More Information

单词发音

level [ˋlɛv!] n.〔测得的〕数量﹐数值

diabetes [͵daɪəˋbitiz] n. 糖尿病

glucose [ˋglukos] n. 葡萄糖

vessel [ˋvɛs!] n. 血管，脉管

metabolic [͵mɛtəˋbɑlɪk] adj. 新陈代谢的

artery [ˋɑrtərɪ] n. 动脉

stroke [strok] n.（病）突然发作；中风

starchy [ˋstɑrtʃɪ] adj. 淀粉的

pastry [ˋpestrɪ] n. 油酥点心[糕饼]

sensibly [ˋsɛnsəblɪ] adv. 明智地

irritability [͵ɪrətəˋbɪlətɪ] n. 易怒

consciousness [ˋkɑnʃəsnɪs] n. 有知觉；清醒

Diabetes Overview

Answer