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Social Networking 101 社交网站１０１

 

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How to make your online networks work for you  如何有效建立在线人脉网络

 

Log on to social networking, but know the risks  登入社交网站并无妨，但应了解其中可能存在的风险

 

People will say you’ve got to use Twitter, an Internet social networking tool that’s currently all the rage. These are the same people who earlier twisted your arm to join other networking platforms such as Facebook, MySpace and Friendster.

其他人会告诉你，非上「推特」不可。推特是现正风行一时的网络社交利器。而这批人之前也同样硬逼你加入其他社交平台，像是Facebook、MySpace和Friendster等。

 

Dan Costa isn’t one of them. As executive editor for PCMag.com, he’s well-versed in social networking technology. He’s also a devoted Twitter head. But he doesn’t proselytize. Instead, he wants people who decide to try out services like Twitter to appreciate their power – for both good and bad.

但丹．柯斯塔和他们不一样。身为「计算机时空」执行主编的他（译注：PCMag.com依据实验室检测数据，提供消费性电子产品相关讯息的指南），对社交网站科技了如指掌，同时也是人称「推友」的推特爱用者，只不过，他并不会极力鼓吹他人改上推特；相反地，他希望大家能在试用像推特这类服务之前，能先体会到社交网站的强大力量──不只是正面的力量，也包含了负面因素在内。

 

“The rules have changed, and it’s not just about social networking either,” he said. “Right now, online, anything you do is being recorded. That’s the default position you have to take.”

「游戏规则已经改变了，而且问题不只是网络社交本身而已，」他表示「在目前，人们透过网络所作的一切都会被记录下来，这就是默认立场，你必须照单全收。」

 

“Whether you’re blogging or using Twitter or even sending an e-mail, you have to assume that it will live forever. That’s a fundamental shift in how we view our privacy.”

「无论你是开部落格、使用推特，或甚至只是发送电子邮件，都必须假设，你所做的一切都会永远存在，无法抹灭，因此我们在看待自己的隐私权时，在心态上也必须采取某种根本上的改变。」

 

What’s more, social networking sites might be the least dangerous, he said. By their very nature, users can share their complaints and push those who control the sites to make changes.

尤有甚者，社交网站可能还是风险最低的一群，他如此说道。因为社交网站本身属于服务大众的性质，因此用户不满大可投诉，迫使网站管理者不得不改变做法。

 

Moving information  流动的信息

 

The social networking services tend to be more open than many other online enterprises, he said. Any time you make a purchase over the Internet, for example, someone is probably compiling information about you.

他表示，社交服务网站往往比其他网络企业更公开化。举例来说，每次你透过网络购买东西，可能就会有人暗地里把你的相关信息搜集起来。

 

“The information is moving whether you know it or not,” Costa said. “The thing about social networking is it tends to be more public. …. But people who aren’t used to using instant messaging, or using Twitter, or web pages and blogs still think of it as a little like letter writing or talking to friends.”

「无论你本人知不知道，信息都在流动中，」柯斯塔指出，「重点是，社交网站往往更公开化…可是那些还不习惯使用实时简讯、推特、网页或部落格的人，却仍以为上述方式有点像是写信或和朋友交流（译注：但其实所发表的讯息都可能被公开或外流）。」

 

“It’s very different when you publish something and it’s out there for all the world to see. Many times you can’t really take it back.”

「当你所发表的东西，有被公诸于世的可能时，情况就不一样了，因为有很多时候根本就是覆水难收。」

 

单词发音

 

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platform [ˋplæt͵fɔrm] n. 平台 a place to make your ideas or beliefs known publicly

devoted [dɪˋvotɪd] adj. 忠实的；挚爱的

Twitter head  推特爱用者; 推友 a twitter head is a person who likes to twitter 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. They will twitter about anything that comes to mind.

proselytize [ˋprɑs!ə͵taɪz] v. 宣教;（使）改变信仰 to induce someone to convert to one's own religious faith

appreciate [əˋpriʃɪ͵et] v. 体会，领会 to be fully aware of or sensitive to; realize

assume [əˋsjum] v. 假定;（想当然地）认为

by its very nature 就其本质而言 because of its natural habits, because it is that way

 

 

 

 

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Here to stay  持续延烧

 

Setting aside its dangers, Costa does believe that social networking is here to stay. He cites a statistic from a Pew Internet & American Life Project survey that said 11 percent of online American adults use Twitter or some other service that allows users to shareshort updates about themselves – called “tweets” in the Twitter universe.

但撇开社交网站的风险不谈，柯斯塔确实相信，这现象将持续延烧不退。他引用「普网暨美国生活计划」调查的数据指出，会上网的美国成年人中，有百分之十一会使用推特或其他类似服务来分享有关自己的最新简短讯息──在推特的领域中称为「推文」（暂译）。

 

“That’s a pretty remarkable number,” Costa said, noting that the figure includes both Twitter and Facebook users. He said that Twitter’s audience is changing as it grows.

「这比率相当惊人，」柯斯塔指出，他也提到，这数字同时包含了推特和Facebook用户。他表示，随着推特不断成长茁壮，其用户族群的性质也逐渐有所转变。

 

“Twitter used to be very elite,” Costa said. “Technology enthusiasts, investors and so forth were getting together on it. Now it’s much more mainstream. The audience still tends to be younger, more connected, more into wireless technologies, heavier cell phone users. They’re pretty much your average early adopters.”

「过去推特相当具有菁英主义色彩（译注：指过去往往只有内行人才懂得使用推特），」柯斯塔指出，「包括热中科技的人、投资者之流都喜欢在推特上相聚。如今推特更具有主流色彩，但使用者族群仍然相当年轻化、联系更加密切、更钟情于无线科技、而且往往是大量使用手机的族群，这些都和一般先驱用户没有多大差别。」

 

Multifunctional forums  多功能论坛

 

Significantly, users have found ways to use Twitter that extend well beyond describing what they ate for lunch or the television show they’re watching.

很重要的是，用户已经想出了延伸使用推特的不同方式，而不再只是描述午餐吃什么或是看了哪些电视节目而已。

 

“The interesting thing about Twitter is, it’s really just a tool like any other medium, like e-mail or chats, or instant messaging,” Costa said. “It has multiple uses.”

「一个耐人寻味的事实就是，其实推特就只是一种工具而已，就像电子邮件、聊天室或实时简讯等任何其他媒介一样，」柯斯塔表示，「但这项工具可以有各种不同的运用方式。」

 

While one woman in his office uses it to exchange witty banter with friends, another coworker uses it as a business tool for connecting with sources, sharing information, seeking answers to questions.

他办公室里一名女职员喜欢透过推特来和朋友分享机智逗趣的玩笑，而另一位同事则把它当成商务利器来使用，用来联系消息来源管道，也分享信息，并寻求问题的解答。

 

“We’ve never been in the place we are right now,” Costa said. “There’s usually nothing proprietary about the technologies, and if there is, there’s always the chance that something else could rise up and replace it.”

「我们已经到达了过去前所未有的境界，」柯斯塔说，「科技通常都没有什么独家专利可言，即使有的话，也总是会有其他发明兴起，并取而代之。」

 

He said the online world is moving toward an attention-based economy. “It’s more about where our attention is focused. That’s what advertisers want, what media companies want, what journalists want. We want people to pay attention to us.”

他指出，网络世界已经朝向以大众关注为主的经济迈进，「重要的在于大众的注意力焦点锁定在哪里，这不但是广告商最想知道的，也是媒体最想要的，更是媒体记者的最爱。我们都希望大家把注意力放在我们自己身上。」

 

－by Sam McDonald

 

 

单词发音

 

More Information

set aside 把…放到一边; 不顾; 不理会 to not let a particular feeling, opinion, or belief influence you, in order to achieve something more

here to stay 成为风尚; 普遍认可 if something is here to stay, it has stopped being unusual and has become generally used or accepted

Pew Internet & American Life Project 普网暨美国生活计划 a collection of facts that provides information on the impact of the computer on daily, contemporary lifestyles in the U.S.

update [ˋʌpdet] n. 最新的情况，最新的信息；最新报导

and so forth 等等 and other similar things

into [ˋɪntu] prep.【口】对……（极）有兴趣，热中于，入迷 Informal interested or enthusiastically involved in

early adopter 早期使用者 someone who accepts or begins to use something as soon as it is available

值得注目地

significantly [sɪgˋnɪfəkəntlɪ] adv. 值得注目地; 在相当大的程度上

witty [ˋwɪtɪ] adj. 机智的；说话风趣的

proprietary [prəˋpraɪə͵tɛrɪ] adj. 专利的

 

 

 

 

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Balancing your Facebook  Facebook 细说分明

 

It seems everyone is on Facebook these days: your coworkers, your best friend from third grade, your mom.

近来似乎大家都喜欢上Facebook：包括同事，小学三年级的同窗好友，甚至连你妈妈都包括在内。

 

Facebook usage has exploded in the past year, with the site claiming its fastest-growing demographic are adults ages 30 or older. Since abandoning its college-student-only model in 2006, the site has become the place for both longtime online citizens and relative Internet newcomers of all ages.

过去一年来，Facebook使用率暴增，该网站宣称增长最快速的用户族群，是年纪在三十岁以上的成年人。该网站自二００六年放弃以大学生为主的营运模式以来，如今已成为所有年龄层人士、无论网络老手或新手都爱上的网站。

 

This rush to sign up has caused a collision of worlds. Many users are finding requests to be “friended” – added to someone’s friend list – by family, office mates and casual acquaintances.

大家一窝蜂抢着注册登入Facebook的结果，导致了各种不同的疆界顿时瓦解。许多用户都会收到「加入朋友」的要求──意指加入某人的朋友清单──这要求可能来自于家人、同事，或是点头之交。

 

The truth is, though, not all friends are the same. Confidences you share with one set of friends might not be something you’re eager to tell coworkers. While you may enjoy the amusing pictures former classmates are posting from your “younger days,” you may not want them broadcast to everyone else. And status updates proclaiming your boredom at work should be kept from any but the most loyal buddies.

但事实上，并非所有朋友交情都一样。你和某一群朋友分享的秘密，并不一定会想透露给同事知道。从前同窗好友张贴出你「年少轻狂时」的有趣照片，或许你自己还蛮欣赏的，但你可能不希望这些照片被昭告天下。而宣称你对工作感到厌烦的身分状态更新讯息，更是只能留给最忠实的好友知道，而不能让其他人看到。

 

Sharing information  信息的分享

 

But “social networking” is just that: sharing your actions with your entire friend list, from mom to boss. It’s disconcerting when a coworker mentions, “Wow, you looked different in college,” or when unrelated friends argue via comments on that story you posted. And it’s potentially career-threatening when your supervisor asks what you find boring at work, and why you are “Facebooking” on company time.

不过，所谓的「社交」不就是如此吗：把你的言行和朋友清单上的所有人分享，从妈妈到老板无一遗漏。当同事提到「哇，你大学时的长相和现在差好多喔」，或是根本就不熟的朋友大肆评论你的贴文时，可能都会令你相当难堪。当你的主管询问说，你对工作中的的个环节感到厌烦，或是为何利用上班时间上Facebook，更危及到你的事业生涯。

 

People are finding out there are some things you just shouldn’t – or don’t want to – share with everyone. That’s where privacy tools come in. Though most sites have them, few people remember to use them until it’s too late.

大家开始发现，有些事情他们根本就不该──或不想──和所有人分享，而这就是隐私权工具适时介入的时机了。不过，虽然大多数网站都拥有这类工具，却只有很少人记得去运用它们，等他们终于想起时，早就为时已晚了。

 

 

单词发音

 

More Information

demographic [͵dɛməˋgræfɪk] n. (尤指特定年龄段的)人群

sign up 注册；报名登记 join a club, an activity, etc. with the intention to join or participate

request [rɪˋkwɛst] n. 要求，请求

acquaintance [əˋkwentəns] n. 相识的人，熟人; 泛泛之交

amusing [əˋmjuzɪŋ] adj. 有趣的，好玩的

proclaim [prəˋklem] v. 表明，显示

argue [ˋɑrgjʊ] v. 辩论；讨论

 

 

 

 

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Facebook no longer takes an all-or-nothing approach to privacy. Using tools introduced in the past six months, you can customize a dizzying array of options.

如今Facebook不再坚持隐私权只能选择全有或全无，而没有中间地带可言。过去六个月来，该网站陆续推出各种工具，提供了各式各样令人眼花撩乱的选择，让用户可以量身定做适合自己的方式。

 

Here are the areas where you can customize your privacy settings:  以下是能让你自行设定隐私权的各种领域：

 

1, Profile  个人档案

 

The default setting for all privacy options is “My Networks and Friends.” Whether or not they’re on your friend list, anyone in your network can see your Wall and Info page: neighbors, colleagues, employers and the random cashier who remembers your name.

所有隐私权选项的默认状态是「我的人脉网络和朋友」。你名下网络中的任何人都可以看到你的墙（译注：即用户网页上的留言板）和信息页，无论他们是不是在你的朋友清单上都可以办到：包括你的邻居、同事、雇主和只记得你名字的出纳都不例外。

 

Your best option, even if it’s the only setting you change, is to turn off network sharing on all features. You can also change, delete or add a network through account settings.

如果你只选择更换一种设定背景，最好是选择关闭网络分享所有主题。此外，你还可以透过账户设定来变更、删除或增加一个新的网络。

 

2, Search  搜寻

 

You can hide yourself from profile searches, change the result settings and exclude your information from being shared with search engines.

你还可以让自己在个人档案搜寻中保持隐形。变更搜寻结果的设定，就能保护自己的信息不至于被搜索引擎曝光。

 

However, unless you’re a covert spy, don’t close yourself from the unexpected contact – allow search, but keep the available details simple.

不过，除非你是必须保密的间谍，否则就别让自己对意想不到的联系关上大门──容许搜寻的功能，只要把外人能看到的细节保持简单，不要过于详尽即可。

 

3, News Feed and Wall  新闻动态和留言板

 

You also can choose which actions you want posted to your Wall or your friends’ News Feed. Each time you comment on a photo, post a note, change your hometown – these actions are visible to others unless you change the default settings.

你也可以选择哪些活动可以贴文在自己的留言板或朋友的新闻动态中。每次你针对某张照片发表感言、张贴短文或变更家乡时，除非你更改预设状态，否则其他人都会看到这些内容。

 

4, Applications  应用

 

Here you can set a default privacy setting for personal photo albums, notes, events or links you share. Never fear, you can override the default settings at any time on any given item. This allows you to create “exceptions” to your rule.

你可以在这里为个人相簿、短文、活动或友好连结设定预设的隐私权状态。设好了也不用担心，因为你随时可以再针对任何项目改变默认状态。这让你能随兴「脱序」而为。

 

You can individually tailor privacy album by album – perhaps making one visible only to family, another just for old friends – by clicking “album privacy” on an existing album.

你还可以为每本相簿都设定不同的隐私状态，例如其中一本相簿只能供家人欣赏，另一本则仅供老友观看，做法是点选相簿上的「相簿隐私」选项。

 

If you aren’t sure you’ve done what you meant to do, use the “see how a friend views your profile” feature found on Profile settings.

如果你不确定自己动手设定的结果正不正确，是否符合你的原意，还可以利用个人档案设定中的「朋友看到的个人档案样貌」来浏览审视。

 

It’s that simple.

事情就这么简单！

 

－by Lisa Crouch

 

 

单词发音

 

More Information

dizzying [ ˈdɪzɪlɪŋ] adj. 令人昏乱的

profile [ˋprofaɪl] n. 人物简介

feature [fitʃɚ] n.（报纸等的）特写，特别报导，专栏

exclude [ɪkˋsklud] v. 拒绝接纳；把……排除在外

News Feed 动态消息; 动态讯息

override [͵ovɚˋraɪd] v. 撤销，推翻; 使无效

 

 

 

单词发音

 

Vocabulary Focus

all the rage 风行一时 to be very popular

twist (someone’s) arm 强迫某人做你要他做的事 to persuade someone to do something that they may not want to do

well-versed [͵wɛlˋvɝst] adj. 熟知的，通晓的 knowing a lot about something

default [dɪˋfɔlt] adj. 默认的 a standard setting on equipment or software set by the maker that can be changed by the user

compile [kəmˋpaɪl] v. 收集（资料等）to collect information from a variety of places and arrange it in a book, report or list

cite [saɪt] v. 引用；引……为证；举出 to use information from a source beyond oneself and to identify the source

elite [ɪˋlit] adj. 高层次的; 精锐的; 上等的 organized for the benefit of a few people with special interests

banter [ˋbæntɚ] n. 玩笑; 逗乐 conversation that is often playful

collision [kəˋlɪʒən] n. 碰撞；相撞 damage that happens when two things hit each other with force

confidence [ˋkɑnfədəns] n.（向知心人吐露的）秘密，私房话 a secret, usually very personal

disconcerting [ˌdɪskənˈ sɝtɪŋ] adj. 令人难堪的 making someone feel suddenly uncertain or worried

all-or-nothing 非全有即全无的 relates to doing something either completely or not at all

covert [ˋkʌvɚt] adj. 秘密的; 隐藏的; 暗中的 hidden or secret

 

 

 

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