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Newsworthy Clips: Smartphones offer a new frontier for identity theft 智能型手机成为盗用身分的新温床

 

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Smartphones offer a new frontier for identity theft  智能型手机成为盗用身分的新温床

 

As more people switch from traditional cell phones to smartphones, worries have increased that users will fall prey to the same virus and malware problems that can plague personal computers.

愈来愈多人舍弃传统手机、改用智能型手机，令人更加忧心智能型手机用户也会和个人计算机用户一样，遇到相同的病毒和恶意软件问题。

 

In fact, industry experts say they’re managing to keep ahead of that threat. What they are more worried about is a simpler issue: identity theft when a phone is lost or stolen. With the iPhone and other smartphones, a few taps or clicks can access e-mail accounts, check bank balances, update a Facebook profile and call up calendars and photos.

业界专家表示，事实上这种威胁他们还有办法应付。他们比较担心的，反而是一个更简单的问题：那就是手机遗失或是被偷时的盗用身分问题。只要在iPhone等智能型手机上敲几下或按几个键，就可以连接上电子邮件帐户、查看银行余额、更新Facebook个人资料，或叫出行事历和照片。

 

“A mobile phone is not a good candidate for a botnet like you have in the PC world, where it can enslave your computer and let it do work to send spam or whatever,” said Peter Beardmore of security company Kaspersky Lab. “But [a mobile phone] is a great candidate to steal user data from.”

「个人计算机界所谓的殭尸网络，会奴役计算机，让计算机发送垃圾邮件等等，」安全防护公司卡巴斯基实验室的彼得．贝德摩指出，「手机虽然不适合做为殭尸网络，但却是窃取用户数据的绝佳管道。」

 

As part of an effort to broaden its Norton line beyond PC security, Symantec Corp. recently launched an application for Google’s Android operating system that allows users to remotely lock down or wipe their phone by texting a code to the device.

赛门铁克公司一方面希望扩展诺顿防病毒软件系列，让防毒范围超越个人计算机，最近为谷歌的Android操作系统推出一个应用软件，让用户可以发个讯号到手机上，从远程封锁或删除手机上的数据。

 

Symantec’s product is not the first of its kind to hit the market. But consumer awareness of mobile security issues is still relatively low, given that threats have been rare and smartphones are just beginning to take off outside of the BlackBerry-toting business world.

赛门铁克的产品并非市场上首见，但是因为手机安全威胁仍很少见，而且智能型手机才刚从热爱黑莓机的商界之外的市场刚刚开始起飞，所以消费者对于手机安全的警觉性仍然相当低。

 

So far, carriers, device manufacturers and other industry players have done an effective job of vetting applications from outside developers, Beardmore said. But he and other security experts advise that consumers stick with programs from trusted publishers.

贝德摩表示，到目前为止，手机系统业者、手机制造商、以及其他业界人士均能有效检查外界软件开发商的应用软件。但是贝德摩和其他安全专家都对消费者提出忠告，建议消费者只使用信任的软件出版商所推出的程序。

 

One of the biggest challenges for the wireless industry is consumer education.

无线产业最大的挑战之一，就是要教育消费者。

 

“Maybe because of [the phone’s] 24-hour presence, we do take [it] for granted and don’t think about the sophistication or the complexity … of that device,” Walls said. “This thing is living and breathing and working all the time.”

「或许因为手机廿四小时都在我们眼前，我们就将它视为理所当然，不会去思考手机的……精密或复杂性，」沃尔斯表示，「这可是个活生生会呼吸（译注：此为将手机拟人化的比喻）、不停地在运作的东西。」

 

－by Wailin Wong

 

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fall prey to 成了…的牺牲品; (指人)为某事物所苦 to be harmed by someone or something

malware [ˈmælwɛr] n. 恶意软件

plague [pleg] v. 不断困扰; 折磨; 使苦恼

keep ahead of 领先于

call up 叫醒 to bring or summon (people, etc.) into action

botnet [ˈbɑtˌnɛt] n. 殭尸计算机网络（一系列被感染的计算机在用户不知情的状况下，被用来散发针对其他人的威胁攻击，例如像是垃圾邮件攻击或是分布式阻断服务攻击）

enslave [ɪnˋslev] v. 奴役; 束缚; 制约

wipe [waɪp] v. 擦去；去除

hit the market 上市 Informal  to arrive or appear in the market

given [ˋgɪvən] prep. 如果有 taking into account some fact, condition, factor, etc.; considering

tote [tot] v.〔尤指经常性地〕随身携带

stick [stɪk] v. 坚持；固守 to remain firm, determined, or resolute

 

 

 

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Cosmetic surgery to fix what ails you? It doesn’t work  整形手术解决你所有困扰？没那回事啦！

 

Several studies show that some people who repeatedly seek cosmetic surgery are afflicted with a mental disorder called body dysmorphic disorder. But undergoing a nip here, tuck there or a poke between the eyes does nothing to improve the mental condition of these people, according to a new study.

好几项研究显示，有些不断寻求整形手术的人患有一种称为「身体畸形性疾患」（译注：对自我身体形象有异常认知的疾患，患者认为自己外观某部份很丑陋，或是把身上小缺陷过度夸大，以致于想一再整型来美化外表）的心理失调症，但是一项新研究指出，这里补一补、那里修一修、双眼中间调整一下，并不会改善这些人的心理状况。

 

Body dysmorphic disorder is a condition in which people become preoccupied with their looks to the point of being obsessed over minor flaws or perceived imperfections. Typically, such people are heavy users of cosmetic surgery. Some doctors are willing to abide by the demands of patients with the disorder even though medical guidelines suggest that such patients undergo psychological counseling instead of cosmetic procedures. An estimated 7 percent to 8 percent of people who seek cosmetic surgery in the United States have the disorder.

所谓「身体畸形性疾患」，是指人们过于在意自己美的地方。这些人基本上都是常常接受整形手术的人，虽然医疗准则建议这些病患应该接受心理咨商而非整形手术，不过有些医师倒是乐于遵从这类失调症患者的要求。美国寻求整形手术的人之中，估计有百分之七到百分之八的人患有这种心理疾病。

 

In the new study, researchers sought to find out whether undergoing cosmetic procedures actually improves the symptoms of the disorder. The study was comprised of 200 people who had been diagnosed with the disorder. Only 25 percent of the treated patients thought their appearances were improved due to treatment. In some patients, the symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder actually worsened.

在这项新研究中，研究人员想知道接受整形手术是否真能改善这种疾患的症状。研究对象是两百位经诊断确实患有身体畸形性疾患失调症的人。接受整形手术的患者中，只有四分之一认为自己的外表因整形而变得更美，事实上有些病人的身体畸形性疾患症状却变得更加严重。

 

The researchers also polled 265 cosmetic surgeons and found that 65 percent said they had treated people with the disorder. But only 1 percent of the cases led to improvement in disorder symptoms.

研究同时也调查两百六十五位整形外科医师，其中六成五的医师表示，他们曾经帮身体畸形性疾患者动过整形手术，但是只有百分之一患者的疾患症状有所改善。

 

People can be successfully treated for the disorder, but the scalpel or syringe isn’t the best method, the authors of the paper said.

研究报告的作者指出，身体畸形性疾患可以成功治愈，但手术刀或皮下注射器可不是最佳方法。

 

“Physicians need to be aware that psychiatric treatments for BDD such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive behavioral therapy appear to be effective for what can be a debilitating disorder,” the researchers wrote.

研究人员写道，「医师必须了解，血清素再吸收抑制剂与认知行为疗法之类的精神性治疗，对于身体畸形性疾患这种会让人衰弱的疾病，似乎有效。」

 

The study appeared in the July issue of the Annals of Plastic Surgery.

这篇研究发表在七月份的《整形手术纪录》中。

 

－by Shari Roan

 

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dysmorphic [dɪsˋmɔrfɪk] adj. 异形的

nip [nɪp] n. 掐，捏，咬 the act or an instance of seizing or pinching

tuck [tʌk] n. 挤进, 塞

poke [pok] n. 戳，捅；拨弄

preoccupied [priˋɑkjə͵paɪd] adj. 一心一意的; 入神的 excessively concerned with something

abide [əˋbaɪd] v. 忍受，容忍

scalpel [ˋskælpəl] n. 解剖刀（手术用）

psychiatric [͵saɪkɪˋætrɪk] adj. 精神病(学)的

annals [ˋæn!z] n.（学会等的）年报

annal [ˋæn!] n.【古】记录

 

 

 

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Exercise converted to electricity  健康运动也能发电

 

Pedal power is gaining traction as thousands of bikes and elliptical machines are retrofitted to produce electricity.

随着数千部自行车及椭圆健身机经改装成能够产生电力的器材后，踩踏发电愈来愈具有吸引力了。（译注：椭圆机是模拟滑雪与跨步的动作，训练心肺功能的健身器材）

 

“Business is really taking off,” said Jay Whelan, CEO of The Green Revolution, a Connecticut-based company that retrofits bikes for spinning classes. Since April 2009, he has added devices to nearly 1,000 bikes at 60 gyms that convert the direct current created by pedaling into alternating current to be sent to the power grid. The average cost: about $1,000 per bike.

康乃狄克州的绿色革命公司专门为飞轮课程改装自行车，执行长杰伊．惠伦表示，「生意真是蒸蒸日上。」自二００九年四月以来，他已经为六十家健身房将近一千部自行车，加装上能够将踩踏产生的直流电变成交流电传送到电力网的设备，平均每部自行车的改装费用是一千美元。

 

ReRev, a Florida company, has added similar devices to more than 300 elliptical trainers at 23 gyms since June 2008.

佛罗里达的ReRev公司自二００八年六月以来，也为二十三家健身房三百多部椭图训练机加装类似设备。

 

“It’s a low-cost way to get into the renewable energy game,” says Beth Bennion, ReRev’s marketing director. She says the novelty attracts users. She asks, “Who would ever have thought we’d capture energy from a workout?”

「这是投入再生能源的低廉方法，」ReRev营销主任贝丝．贝妮安说道。她也指出，这种新奇体验会吸引使用者，「谁想得到我们居然能留存健身所产生的能源呢？」贝丝问道。

 

Pedal power cannot run factories, but Whelan estimates a spinning class of 20 people over a year could light 72 homes for a month. ReRev says a 30-minute workout on one of its elliptical generates about 50 watts, enough to run a laptop for an hour or charge a cell phone six times. “We’re not going to solve global warming, but we’re trying to help in any way we can,” Whelan says.

虽然踩踏电力无法供应工厂用电，但是惠伦估计，一班二十人的全年飞轮课程，可以供应七十二个家庭一个月的用电量。ReRev公司指出，在椭圆机上运动三十分钟，会产生五十瓦特的电力，足以供应笔记本电脑一小时用电量、或是帮手机充电六次。惠伦表示，「我们没办法解决全球暖化问题，但是我们尽量在能力范围内贡献一己之力。」

 

At the Habana Outpost restaurant in Brooklyn, it takes about a minute of bike pedaling to power a blender. “You get $1 off if you pedal your own smoothie,” says Elvis Rosa, a manager. Most customers saddle up.

在布鲁克林区的哈巴那前哨餐厅，踩一分钟左右的自行车就能提供搅拌机的用电量。餐厅经理埃尔维斯．罗萨表示，「如果客人自己踩踏出打果昔的电力，就可以折抵一块钱美金。」大部分顾客都会坐上自行车大踩特踩。

 

“It’s been a wild success,” says the Rev. Faith Fowler of Class Community Social Services, which runs a homeless shelter in Detroit. She got a donation to retrofit 10 bikes at the shelter’s gym to provide some of its electricity. She says she pursued the idea for both environmental and health reasons, noting that many residents struggle with diabetes and obesity. “It was a natural fit.”

卡斯小区社服中心管理底特律一家游民收容所，该中心的费丝．法勒牧师表示，「我们获得空前的成功。」法勒牧师获得一笔捐款，改装收容所健身房的十部自行车，以供应部分电力。法勒牧师表示，她是为了环保与健康的理由才这么做，她指出，许多居民有糖尿病与肥胖问题，「这真是天作之合。」

 

－by Wendy Koch

 

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traction [ˋtrækʃən] n. 牵引力；附着磨擦力 the extent to which an idea, product, etc. gains popularity or acceptance

elliptical [ɪ`lɪptɪk!] adj. 椭圆的; 椭圆形的

retrofit [ˋrɛtrəfɪt] v. 对……作翻新改进

spinning class 动感单车课程; 飞轮课程

power grid 电力网；电网

renewable [rɪˋnjuəb!] adj.〔由于自然循环或管理有方〕可再生的

smoothie [ˈsmuði] n. 冰沙；冰果露; 奶昔

fit [fɪt] n. 适合, 配合

 

 

 

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Vocabulary Focus

frontier [frʌnˋtɪr] n.（探索活动的）新领域; 未完全开拓的领域 an area or field for discovery or research that is new or has not advanced past the beginning stages

vet [vɛt] v. 调查; 检查 to examine something or someone carefully to make certain that they are acceptable or suitable

sophistication [sə͵fɪstɪˋkeʃən] n.（科技产品的）复杂；精密 the quality of being able to do complicated and complex tasks

cosmetic surgery 整容手术 any medical operation which is intended to improve a person’s appearance rather than their health

ail [el] v. 使痛苦; 使苦恼; 使不适 to cause difficulty and problems for

afflict [əˋflɪkt] v.【正式】使受痛苦; 折磨 to be affected by or suffer from something, often a disease

obsessed [əbˋsɛst] adj. 着迷的 unable to stop thinking about something; too interested in or worried about something

diagnose [ˋdaɪəgnoz] v. 诊断 to recognize and name the exact character of a disease or a problem, by examining it

debilitating [dɪˋbɪlə͵tetɪŋ] adj. 使〔身体或精神〕虚弱的 a condition of disease that makes someone or something physically weak

novelty [ˋnɑv!tɪ] n. 新颖，新奇 something which has not been experienced before and so is interesting

diabetes [͵daɪəˋbitiz] n. 糖尿病 a disease in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood

 

 

 

 

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